Asa Earl Carter - Revision history

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	==See also==		==See also==
	* [[John Kasper]]		* [[John Kasper]]
	* [[Lineage of American ~~Nationalist~~ organizations and individuals]]		* [[Lineage of American Fascist organizations and individuals]]

	==External links==		==External links==

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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist\|2}}
	[[Category:Authors]]		[[Category:Authors]]
	[[Category:People]]		[[Category:People]]

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 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
 [[Category:Authors]]
-[[Category:1925 births]]
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	[[Category:Ku Klux Klan leaders]]		[[Category:Ku Klux Klan leaders]]
	[[Category:1960's nationalists]]		[[Category:1960's nationalists]]
	~~[[Category:The South]]~~
	[[Category:American politicians]]		[[Category:American politicians]]
	[[Category:Nationalists of American Indian descent]]		[[Category:Nationalists of American Indian descent]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: 𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹 moved page NatSoc:Asa Earl Carter to Asa Earl Carter without leaving a redirect

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2024-02-04T09:42:59Z

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	[[File:Asacarter.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|250px\|Asa Earl Carter (aka Forrest Carter)]]		[[File:Asacarter.png\|thumb\|250px\|Asa Earl Carter (aka Forrest Carter)]]
	'''Asa Earl Carter''' ([[September 4]], [[1925]] – [[June 7]], [[1979]]) also known as '''Ace Carter''' was a political speechwriter, politician, [[Ku Klux Klan]] leader, and author of Western novels. He wrote Governor [[George Wallace]] of [[Alabama]] famed inaugural speech “[[Segregation]] today, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever". Using the [[pen name]] '''Forrest Carter''', he published several Western novels including ''Gone to Texas'' which was made into the 1976 film ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''.		'''Asa Earl Carter''' ([[September 4]], [[1925]] – [[June 7]], [[1979]]) also known as '''Ace Carter''' was a political speechwriter, politician, [[Ku Klux Klan]] leader, and author of Western novels. He wrote Governor [[George Wallace]] of [[Alabama]] famed inaugural speech “[[Segregation]] today, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever". Using the [[pen name]] '''Forrest Carter''', he published several Western novels including ''Gone to Texas'' which was made into the 1976 film ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''.

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: 1 revision imported

2024-02-04T03:43:58Z

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	[[File:Asacarter.png\|thumb\|250px\|Asa Earl Carter (aka Forrest Carter)]]		[[File:Asacarter.png\|thumb\|250px\|Asa Earl Carter (aka Forrest Carter)]]
	'''Asa Earl Carter''' ([[September 4]], [[1925]] – [[June 7]], [[1979]]) also known as '''Ace Carter''' was a political speechwriter, politician, [[Ku Klux Klan]] leader, and author of Western novels. He wrote Governor [[George Wallace]] of [[Alabama]] famed inaugural speech “[[Segregation]] today, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever". Using ~~tbe~~ [[pen name]] '''Forrest Carter''', he published several Western novels including ''Gone to Texas'' which was made into ~~tbe~~ 1976 film ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''.		'''Asa Earl Carter''' ([[September 4]], [[1925]] – [[June 7]], [[1979]]) also known as '''Ace Carter''' was a political speechwriter, politician, [[Ku Klux Klan]] leader, and author of Western novels. He wrote Governor [[George Wallace]] of [[Alabama]] famed inaugural speech “[[Segregation]] today, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever". Using the [[pen name]] '''Forrest Carter''', he published several Western novels including ''Gone to Texas'' which was made into the 1976 film ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''.

	As Forrest Carter he also faked an autobiography, ''The Education of Little Tree'', in which he portrays himself as having been orphaned into ~~tbe~~ care of [[Cherokee]] grandparents. The publisher's remarks in ~~tbe~~ original edition describe him (inaccurately) as "Storyteller in Council" to ~~tbe~~ Cherokee Nation, but in 1976, as ~~tbe~~ book became a huge success and appering on ~~tbe~~ top of ''The New York Times'' booklist, Forrest Carter was revealed to be Asa Earl Carter.		As Forrest Carter he also faked an autobiography, ''The Education of Little Tree'', in which he portrays himself as having been orphaned into the care of [[Cherokee]] grandparents. The publisher's remarks in the original edition describe him (inaccurately) as "Storyteller in Council" to the Cherokee Nation, but in 1976, as the book became a huge success and appering on the top of ''The New York Times'' booklist, Forrest Carter was revealed to be Asa Earl Carter.
	==Life==		==Life==
	===Early life and political career===		===Early life and political career===
	Asa Carter was born in [[Anniston, Alabama]] in 1925, ~~tbe~~ eldest of four children. He was raised in nearby [[Oxford, Alabama]] by his parents, Ralph and Hermione Carter, both of whom lived into Carter's adulthood.		Asa Carter was born in [[Anniston, Alabama]] in 1925, the eldest of four children. He was raised in nearby [[Oxford, Alabama]] by his parents, Ralph and Hermione Carter, both of whom lived into Carter's adulthood.

	Carter served in ~~tbe~~ [[United States Navy]] during [[World War II]] and attended ~~tbe~~ [[University of Colorado]]. After ~~tbe~~ war, he married India Thelma Walker. The couple had four children and settled in [[Birmingham, Alabama]].		Carter served in the [[United States Navy]] during [[World War II]] and attended the [[University of Colorado]]. After the war, he married India Thelma Walker. The couple had four children and settled in [[Birmingham, Alabama]].

	Asa Carter was an active participant in ~~tbe~~ [[White Citizens' Council]] becoming ~~tbe~~ executive secretary of ~~tbe~~ [[North Alabama Citizens’ Council]]. He was expelled from that organization and formed a more radical group he named ~~tbe~~ [[Original Ku Klux Klan of ~~tbe~~ Confederacy]].		Asa Carter was an active participant in the [[White Citizens' Council]] becoming the executive secretary of the [[North Alabama Citizens’ Council]]. He was expelled from that organization and formed a more radical group he named the [[Original Ku Klux Klan of the Confederacy]].

	He was a radio commentator and became a speechwriter for governor of [[Alabama]], [[George C. Wallace]]. Carter is credited for writing Wallace’s 1962 inaugural speech containing ~~tbe~~ famous line, ''In ~~tbe~~ name of ~~tbe~~ greatest people that ever tread ~~tbe~~ earth, I draw ~~tbe~~ line in ~~tbe~~ dust and toss ~~tbe~~ gauntlet before ~~tbe~~ feet of tyranny, and I say: Segregation now! Segregation tomorrow! Segregation forever!''.<ref>[http://www.bplonline.org/resources/archives/aids/AR1265.pdf BIRMINGHAM PUBLIC LIBRARY Department of Archives and Manuscripts, Carter, Asa Earl (Ace)]</ref>		He was a radio commentator and became a speechwriter for governor of [[Alabama]], [[George C. Wallace]]. Carter is credited for writing Wallace’s 1962 inaugural speech containing the famous line, ''In the name of the greatest people that ever tread the earth, I draw the line in the dust and toss the gauntlet before the feet of tyranny, and I say: Segregation now! Segregation tomorrow! Segregation forever!''.<ref>[http://www.bplonline.org/resources/archives/aids/AR1265.pdf BIRMINGHAM PUBLIC LIBRARY Department of Archives and Manuscripts, Carter, Asa Earl (Ace)]</ref>

	Although Carter claimed to be part [[Cherokee]], he ran for governor of Alabama in 1970 on a pro-white, anti-intergration platform. However, he came in last of five candidates, winning only 1.51% of ~~tbe~~ vote in an election comfortably won by George Wallace.		Although Carter claimed to be part [[Cherokee]], he ran for governor of Alabama in 1970 on a pro-white, anti-intergration platform. However, he came in last of five candidates, winning only 1.51% of the vote in an election comfortably won by George Wallace.

	===Literary career===		===Literary career===
	After losing ~~tbe~~ election, Carter relocated to Florida and then Texas, where he reinvented himself and began his career as a novelist. He distanced himself from his past, began to call his sons "nephews" and renamed himself Forrest Carter, in honor of Southern Civil War general [[Nathan Bedford Forrest]].		After losing the election, Carter relocated to Florida and then Texas, where he reinvented himself and began his career as a novelist. He distanced himself from his past, began to call his sons "nephews" and renamed himself Forrest Carter, in honor of Southern Civil War general [[Nathan Bedford Forrest]].

	Carter's best-known fictional works are ''Gone to Texas: The Rebel Outlaw Josey Wales'' (1973) and ''The Education of Little Tree'' (1976). Clint Eastwood directed and starred in a 1976 film adaptation of ~~tbe~~ former, retitled ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''. ''The Education of Little Tree'' was once on [[Oprah Winfrey]]’s reading list but was withdrawn after Carter’s pro-white past was revealed. In 1997, ''The Education of Little Tree'' was adapted into a made-for-TV movie but was instead given a theatrical release.		Carter's best-known fictional works are ''Gone to Texas: The Rebel Outlaw Josey Wales'' (1973) and ''The Education of Little Tree'' (1976). Clint Eastwood directed and starred in a 1976 film adaptation of the former, retitled ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''. ''The Education of Little Tree'' was once on [[Oprah Winfrey]]’s reading list but was withdrawn after Carter’s pro-white past was revealed. In 1997, ''The Education of Little Tree'' was adapted into a made-for-TV movie but was instead given a theatrical release.
	==Death==		==Death==
	Carter completed one more novel, ''Watch for Me on ~~tbe~~ Mountain'', a fictionalized biography of Geronimo. He was working on ''The Wanderings of Little Tree'', a sequel to ''The Education of Little Tree'' and a screenplay version of ~~tbe~~ book when he died in 1979 from injuries he received in a fistfight. Asa Carter is buried in a small church cemetery near Anniston, Alabama at ~~tbe~~ intersection of Jones Road and DeArmanville Road.<ref>[https://archive.is/20130619063129/annistonstar.com/view/full_story/9937120/article-In-search-of-Calhoun-County%E2%80%99s-oldest-marked-grave In search of Calhoun County’s oldest marked grave]</ref>		Carter completed one more novel, ''Watch for Me on the Mountain'', a fictionalized biography of Geronimo. He was working on ''The Wanderings of Little Tree'', a sequel to ''The Education of Little Tree'' and a screenplay version of the book when he died in 1979 from injuries he received in a fistfight. Asa Carter is buried in a small church cemetery near Anniston, Alabama at the intersection of Jones Road and DeArmanville Road.<ref>[https://archive.is/20130619063129/annistonstar.com/view/full_story/9937120/article-In-search-of-Calhoun-County%E2%80%99s-oldest-marked-grave In search of Calhoun County’s oldest marked grave]</ref>

	==Bibliography==		==Bibliography==
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	*''The Vengeance Trail of Josey Wales'' (1976)		*''The Vengeance Trail of Josey Wales'' (1976)
	*''The Education of Little Tree'' (1976)		*''The Education of Little Tree'' (1976)
	*''Watch for Me on ~~tbe~~ Mountain'' (1978)		*''Watch for Me on the Mountain'' (1978)

	'''Books about Carter's faking of ethnicity'''		'''Books about Carter's faking of ethnicity'''
	*''Slippery Characters: Ethnic Impersonators and American Identities'' (Laura Browder, 2003)		*''Slippery Characters: Ethnic Impersonators and American Identities'' (Laura Browder, 2003)
	*''Going Native: Indians in ~~tbe~~ American Cultural Imagination'' (Shari M Huhndorf, 2004)		*''Going Native: Indians in the American Cultural Imagination'' (Shari M Huhndorf, 2004)
	*''Native American Fiction: A User's Guide'' (David Treuer, 2006)		*''Native American Fiction: A User's Guide'' (David Treuer, 2006)

	'''Articles about Carter's faking of ethnicity'''		'''Articles about Carter's faking of ethnicity'''
	*''Is Forrest Carter Really Asa Carter? Only Josey Wales May Know for Sure'' (Wayne Greenshaw: New York Times 1976)		*''Is Forrest Carter Really Asa Carter? Only Josey Wales May Know for Sure'' (Wayne Greenshaw: New York Times 1976)
	*''"Authenticity", or ~~tbe~~ Lesson of Little Tree'' (Henry Louis Gates, Jr: New York Times Book review 1991)		*''"Authenticity", or the Lesson of Little Tree'' (Henry Louis Gates, Jr: New York Times Book review 1991)
	*''Widow of 'Little Tree' Author Admits He Changed Identity'' (Calvin Reid: Publishers Weekly 1991)		*''Widow of 'Little Tree' Author Admits He Changed Identity'' (Calvin Reid: Publishers Weekly 1991)

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:00, 26 April 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Asacarter.png\|thumb\|250px\|Asa Earl Carter (aka Forrest Carter)]]		[[File:Asacarter.png\|thumb\|250px\|Asa Earl Carter (aka Forrest Carter)]]
	'''Asa Earl Carter''' ([[September 4]], [[1925]] – [[June 7]], [[1979]]) also known as '''Ace Carter''' was a political speechwriter, politician, [[Ku Klux Klan]] leader, and author of Western novels. He wrote Governor [[George Wallace]] of [[Alabama]] famed inaugural speech “[[Segregation]] today, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever". Using ~~the~~ [[pen name]] '''Forrest Carter''', he published several Western novels including ''Gone to Texas'' which was made into ~~the~~ 1976 film ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''.		'''Asa Earl Carter''' ([[September 4]], [[1925]] – [[June 7]], [[1979]]) also known as '''Ace Carter''' was a political speechwriter, politician, [[Ku Klux Klan]] leader, and author of Western novels. He wrote Governor [[George Wallace]] of [[Alabama]] famed inaugural speech “[[Segregation]] today, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever". Using tbe [[pen name]] '''Forrest Carter''', he published several Western novels including ''Gone to Texas'' which was made into tbe 1976 film ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''.

	As Forrest Carter he also faked an autobiography, ''The Education of Little Tree'', in which he portrays himself as having been orphaned into ~~the~~ care of [[Cherokee]] grandparents. The publisher's remarks in ~~the~~ original edition describe him (inaccurately) as "Storyteller in Council" to ~~the~~ Cherokee Nation, but in 1976, as ~~the~~ book became a huge success and appering on ~~the~~ top of ''The New York Times'' booklist, Forrest Carter was revealed to be Asa Earl Carter.		As Forrest Carter he also faked an autobiography, ''The Education of Little Tree'', in which he portrays himself as having been orphaned into tbe care of [[Cherokee]] grandparents. The publisher's remarks in tbe original edition describe him (inaccurately) as "Storyteller in Council" to tbe Cherokee Nation, but in 1976, as tbe book became a huge success and appering on tbe top of ''The New York Times'' booklist, Forrest Carter was revealed to be Asa Earl Carter.
	==Life==		==Life==
	===Early life and political career===		===Early life and political career===
	Asa Carter was born in [[Anniston, Alabama]] in 1925, ~~the~~ eldest of four children. He was raised in nearby [[Oxford, Alabama]] by his parents, Ralph and Hermione Carter, both of whom lived into Carter's adulthood.		Asa Carter was born in [[Anniston, Alabama]] in 1925, tbe eldest of four children. He was raised in nearby [[Oxford, Alabama]] by his parents, Ralph and Hermione Carter, both of whom lived into Carter's adulthood.

	Carter served in ~~the~~ [[United States Navy]] during [[World War II]] and attended ~~the~~ [[University of Colorado]]. After ~~the~~ war, he married India Thelma Walker. The couple had four children and settled in [[Birmingham, Alabama]].		Carter served in tbe [[United States Navy]] during [[World War II]] and attended tbe [[University of Colorado]]. After tbe war, he married India Thelma Walker. The couple had four children and settled in [[Birmingham, Alabama]].

	Asa Carter was an active participant in ~~the~~ [[White Citizens' Council]] becoming ~~the~~ executive secretary of ~~the~~ [[North Alabama Citizens’ Council]]. He was expelled from that organization and formed a more radical group he named ~~the~~ [[Original Ku Klux Klan of ~~the~~ Confederacy]].		Asa Carter was an active participant in tbe [[White Citizens' Council]] becoming tbe executive secretary of tbe [[North Alabama Citizens’ Council]]. He was expelled from that organization and formed a more radical group he named tbe [[Original Ku Klux Klan of tbe Confederacy]].

	He was a radio commentator and became a speechwriter for governor of [[Alabama]], [[George C. Wallace]]. Carter is credited for writing Wallace’s 1962 inaugural speech containing ~~the~~ famous line, ''In ~~the~~ name of ~~the~~ greatest people that ever tread ~~the~~ earth, I draw ~~the~~ line in ~~the~~ dust and toss ~~the~~ gauntlet before ~~the~~ feet of tyranny, and I say: Segregation now! Segregation tomorrow! Segregation forever!''.<ref>[http://www.bplonline.org/resources/archives/aids/AR1265.pdf BIRMINGHAM PUBLIC LIBRARY Department of Archives and Manuscripts, Carter, Asa Earl (Ace)]</ref>		He was a radio commentator and became a speechwriter for governor of [[Alabama]], [[George C. Wallace]]. Carter is credited for writing Wallace’s 1962 inaugural speech containing tbe famous line, ''In tbe name of tbe greatest people that ever tread tbe earth, I draw tbe line in tbe dust and toss tbe gauntlet before tbe feet of tyranny, and I say: Segregation now! Segregation tomorrow! Segregation forever!''.<ref>[http://www.bplonline.org/resources/archives/aids/AR1265.pdf BIRMINGHAM PUBLIC LIBRARY Department of Archives and Manuscripts, Carter, Asa Earl (Ace)]</ref>

	Although Carter claimed to be part [[Cherokee]], he ran for governor of Alabama in 1970 on a pro-white, anti-intergration platform. However, he came in last of five candidates, winning only 1.51% of ~~the~~ vote in an election comfortably won by George Wallace.		Although Carter claimed to be part [[Cherokee]], he ran for governor of Alabama in 1970 on a pro-white, anti-intergration platform. However, he came in last of five candidates, winning only 1.51% of tbe vote in an election comfortably won by George Wallace.

	===Literary career===		===Literary career===
	After losing ~~the~~ election, Carter relocated to Florida and then Texas, where he reinvented himself and began his career as a novelist. He distanced himself from his past, began to call his sons "nephews" and renamed himself Forrest Carter, in honor of Southern Civil War general [[Nathan Bedford Forrest]].		After losing tbe election, Carter relocated to Florida and then Texas, where he reinvented himself and began his career as a novelist. He distanced himself from his past, began to call his sons "nephews" and renamed himself Forrest Carter, in honor of Southern Civil War general [[Nathan Bedford Forrest]].

	Carter's best-known fictional works are ''Gone to Texas: The Rebel Outlaw Josey Wales'' (1973) and ''The Education of Little Tree'' (1976). Clint Eastwood directed and starred in a 1976 film adaptation of ~~the~~ former, retitled ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''. ''The Education of Little Tree'' was once on [[Oprah Winfrey]]’s reading list but was withdrawn after Carter’s pro-white past was revealed. In 1997, ''The Education of Little Tree'' was adapted into a made-for-TV movie but was instead given a theatrical release.		Carter's best-known fictional works are ''Gone to Texas: The Rebel Outlaw Josey Wales'' (1973) and ''The Education of Little Tree'' (1976). Clint Eastwood directed and starred in a 1976 film adaptation of tbe former, retitled ''The Outlaw Josey Wales''. ''The Education of Little Tree'' was once on [[Oprah Winfrey]]’s reading list but was withdrawn after Carter’s pro-white past was revealed. In 1997, ''The Education of Little Tree'' was adapted into a made-for-TV movie but was instead given a theatrical release.
	==Death==		==Death==
	Carter completed one more novel, ''Watch for Me on ~~the~~ Mountain'', a fictionalized biography of Geronimo. He was working on ''The Wanderings of Little Tree'', a sequel to ''The Education of Little Tree'' and a screenplay version of ~~the~~ book when he died in 1979 from injuries he received in a fistfight. Asa Carter is buried in a small church cemetery near Anniston, Alabama at ~~the~~ intersection of Jones Road and DeArmanville Road.<ref>[https://archive.is/20130619063129/annistonstar.com/view/full_story/9937120/article-In-search-of-Calhoun-County%E2%80%99s-oldest-marked-grave In search of Calhoun County’s oldest marked grave]</ref>		Carter completed one more novel, ''Watch for Me on tbe Mountain'', a fictionalized biography of Geronimo. He was working on ''The Wanderings of Little Tree'', a sequel to ''The Education of Little Tree'' and a screenplay version of tbe book when he died in 1979 from injuries he received in a fistfight. Asa Carter is buried in a small church cemetery near Anniston, Alabama at tbe intersection of Jones Road and DeArmanville Road.<ref>[https://archive.is/20130619063129/annistonstar.com/view/full_story/9937120/article-In-search-of-Calhoun-County%E2%80%99s-oldest-marked-grave In search of Calhoun County’s oldest marked grave]</ref>

	==Bibliography==		==Bibliography==
Line 27:		Line 27:
	*''The Vengeance Trail of Josey Wales'' (1976)		*''The Vengeance Trail of Josey Wales'' (1976)
	*''The Education of Little Tree'' (1976)		*''The Education of Little Tree'' (1976)
	*''Watch for Me on ~~the~~ Mountain'' (1978)		*''Watch for Me on tbe Mountain'' (1978)

	'''Books about Carter's faking of ethnicity'''		'''Books about Carter's faking of ethnicity'''
	*''Slippery Characters: Ethnic Impersonators and American Identities'' (Laura Browder, 2003)		*''Slippery Characters: Ethnic Impersonators and American Identities'' (Laura Browder, 2003)
	*''Going Native: Indians in ~~the~~ American Cultural Imagination'' (Shari M Huhndorf, 2004)		*''Going Native: Indians in tbe American Cultural Imagination'' (Shari M Huhndorf, 2004)
	*''Native American Fiction: A User's Guide'' (David Treuer, 2006)		*''Native American Fiction: A User's Guide'' (David Treuer, 2006)

	'''Articles about Carter's faking of ethnicity'''		'''Articles about Carter's faking of ethnicity'''
	*''Is Forrest Carter Really Asa Carter? Only Josey Wales May Know for Sure'' (Wayne Greenshaw: New York Times 1976)		*''Is Forrest Carter Really Asa Carter? Only Josey Wales May Know for Sure'' (Wayne Greenshaw: New York Times 1976)
	*''"Authenticity", or ~~the~~ Lesson of Little Tree'' (Henry Louis Gates, Jr: New York Times Book review 1991)		*''"Authenticity", or tbe Lesson of Little Tree'' (Henry Louis Gates, Jr: New York Times Book review 1991)
	*''Widow of 'Little Tree' Author Admits He Changed Identity'' (Calvin Reid: Publishers Weekly 1991)		*''Widow of 'Little Tree' Author Admits He Changed Identity'' (Calvin Reid: Publishers Weekly 1991)