Bolshevik - Revision history

Bacchus: Text replacement - "tbe " to "the "

2024-04-28T23:48:06Z

Text replacement - "tbe " to "the "

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:48, 28 April 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Images.jpg-4-JEWS.png\|thumb\|300px\|[[Marx]], [[Engels]], [[Lenin]], [[Trotsky]]]]		[[File:Images.jpg-4-JEWS.png\|thumb\|300px\|[[Marx]], [[Engels]], [[Lenin]], [[Trotsky]]]]
	The '''Bolsheviks''' (Russian: Большеви́к IPA: [bəlʲʂɨˈvʲik], derived from ''bolshinstvo'', "majority") were a faction of ~~tbe~~ [[Marxist]] Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split from ~~tbe~~ [[Menshevik]] faction at ~~tbe~~ Second Party Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik Party Political Programme was published in August of that year.<ref>Dmytryshyn, Basil, editor, ''Imperial Russia - A Source Book 1700-1917'', New York & London, 1967, pps:325-331</ref> Its local organisations across ~~tbe~~ country were called Soviets, and it later became ~~tbe~~ [[Communist Party of ~~tbe~~ Soviet Union]].		The '''Bolsheviks''' (Russian: Большеви́к IPA: [bəlʲʂɨˈvʲik], derived from ''bolshinstvo'', "majority") were a faction of the [[Marxist]] Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split from the [[Menshevik]] faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik Party Political Programme was published in August of that year.<ref>Dmytryshyn, Basil, editor, ''Imperial Russia - A Source Book 1700-1917'', New York & London, 1967, pps:325-331</ref> Its local organisations across the country were called Soviets, and it later became the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]].
	==History==		==History==
	[[File:The poster depicts ~~tbe~~ sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International.png\|thumb\|300px\|The poster depicts ~~tbe~~ sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International. ]]		[[File:The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International.png\|thumb\|300px\|The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International. ]]
	[[File:Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920..png\|thumb\|300px\|Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920. Led by Vladimir Lenin, ~~tbe~~ Far-left terrorist Bolshevik regime sought to silence its enemies through a state-sanctioned policy of mass killings and detainments known as ~~tbe~~ "[[Red Terror]]".]]		[[File:Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920..png\|thumb\|300px\|Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920. Led by Vladimir Lenin, the Far-left terrorist Bolshevik regime sought to silence its enemies through a state-sanctioned policy of mass killings and detainments known as the "[[Red Terror]]".]]
	Bolsheviks (or "the Majority") were an organization of professional revolutionaries (with a mainly [[jewish]] hierarchy) who were strictly governed internally by their principle of quasi-democratic centralism and a quasi-military discipline, and externally by terror and murder.		Bolsheviks (or "the Majority") were an organization of professional revolutionaries (with a mainly [[jewish]] hierarchy) who were strictly governed internally by their principle of quasi-democratic centralism and a quasi-military discipline, and externally by terror and murder.

	They considered themselves as ~~tbe~~ vanguard of ~~tbe~~ revolutionary [[proletariat]] of ~~tbe~~ world, not just Russia. Their beliefs and practices are referred to as [[Bolshevism]]. The party was founded by [[Vladimir Lenin]], who also led it in ~~tbe~~ [[October Revolution]] when ~~tbe~~ Bolsheviks seized power in [[Russia]] and went on to found ~~tbe~~ [[Soviet Union]].		They considered themselves as the vanguard of the revolutionary [[proletariat]] of the world, not just Russia. Their beliefs and practices are referred to as [[Bolshevism]]. The party was founded by [[Vladimir Lenin]], who also led it in the [[October Revolution]] when the Bolsheviks seized power in [[Russia]] and went on to found the [[Soviet Union]].

	===Red Terror===		===Red Terror===
	: ''In 1918, ~~tbe~~ Bolshevik regime launched a state-sanctioned campaign of mass killings and detentions to silence political enemies—laying ~~tbe~~ foundation for decades of violence in ~~tbe~~ U.S.S.R. [...] Russian monarchy had ended. But even though ~~tbe~~ provisional government that succeeded ~~tbe~~ tsar passed sweeping civil rights reforms, it struggled to lead. World War I was still in progress, and government officials worried that a defeat at ~~tbe~~ hands of ~~tbe~~ Germans would lead to ~~tbe~~ restoration of ~~tbe~~ monarchy. Meanwhile, food shortages continued to stir discontent among many Russians. In November 1917, ~~tbe~~ Bolsheviks took advantage of ~~tbe~~ unrest and seized power by promising “peace, land and bread” to ~~tbe~~ Russian people. (The revolution is known as ~~tbe~~ October Revolution since it fell in October of ~~tbe~~ Julian calendar, which ~~tbe~~ Bolsheviks abandoned in January 1918.) The Bolsheviks saw Russia as ~~tbe~~ ideal place to set a communist revolution into motion—not by ~~tbe~~ working class rising up to abolish capitalism, as German philosopher [[Karl Marx]] had predicted, but through a small, authoritarian group that would establish a socialist state and nudge society toward [[communism]]. Led by Lenin, ~~tbe~~ Bolsheviks abolished ~~tbe~~ provisional government and abandoned any attempt at democracy. In March 1918, they signed a treaty with ~~tbe~~ [[Central Powers]] to end Russia’s involvement in [[World War I]]—a punitive agreement that ceded a third of Russia’s population and agricultural land and most of its resources to [[Germany]]. [...] The death toll of ~~tbe~~ Red Terror may have been much larger—by some accounts, up to 1.3 million may have been its victims. However, due to secrecy, censorship, and ~~tbe~~ summary nature of many of ~~tbe~~ executions, ~~tbe~~ true extent of ~~tbe~~ Red Terror will likely never be known. When ~~tbe~~ Bolsheviks emerged victorious from ~~tbe~~ civil war in 1921, ~~tbe~~ Red Terror technically ended. But ~~tbe~~ violence was ~~tbe~~ prelude to decades of repression and death in Soviet Russia. The Red Terror laid ~~tbe~~ foundation for political purges and mass executions in ~~tbe~~ 1930s under Lenin’s successor Joseph Stalin, during which up to three million party “enemies” were killed. The concentration camps were predecessors of ~~tbe~~ Soviet gulags, forced labor camps where Stalin enslaved tens of millions of Russians from 1929 to 1953. And ~~tbe~~ Cheka eventually became ~~tbe~~ KGB, ~~tbe~~ U.S.S.R.’s feared intelligence agency. The Red Terror charted a macabre course for Russia. For ~~tbe~~ Bolsheviks, sweeping repression was justified as a tool that both solidified political power and furthered ~~tbe~~ aims of socialism. And it taught a pointed lesson to those who might otherwise have resisted ~~tbe~~ regime. “Intimidation is a powerful weapon of policy,” wrote Leon Trotsky, ~~tbe~~ leader of ~~tbe~~ Red Army and Lenin’s right-hand operative. “The revolution…kills individuals, and intimidates thousands.”''<ref>[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/red-terror-set-macabre-course-soviet-union How ~~tbe~~ Red Terror set a macabre course for ~~tbe~~ Soviet Union], National Geographic Society, 2020</ref>		: ''In 1918, the Bolshevik regime launched a state-sanctioned campaign of mass killings and detentions to silence political enemies—laying the foundation for decades of violence in the U.S.S.R. [...] Russian monarchy had ended. But even though the provisional government that succeeded the tsar passed sweeping civil rights reforms, it struggled to lead. World War I was still in progress, and government officials worried that a defeat at the hands of the Germans would lead to the restoration of the monarchy. Meanwhile, food shortages continued to stir discontent among many Russians. In November 1917, the Bolsheviks took advantage of the unrest and seized power by promising “peace, land and bread” to the Russian people. (The revolution is known as the October Revolution since it fell in October of the Julian calendar, which the Bolsheviks abandoned in January 1918.) The Bolsheviks saw Russia as the ideal place to set a communist revolution into motion—not by the working class rising up to abolish capitalism, as German philosopher [[Karl Marx]] had predicted, but through a small, authoritarian group that would establish a socialist state and nudge society toward [[communism]]. Led by Lenin, the Bolsheviks abolished the provisional government and abandoned any attempt at democracy. In March 1918, they signed a treaty with the [[Central Powers]] to end Russia’s involvement in [[World War I]]—a punitive agreement that ceded a third of Russia’s population and agricultural land and most of its resources to [[Germany]]. [...] The death toll of the Red Terror may have been much larger—by some accounts, up to 1.3 million may have been its victims. However, due to secrecy, censorship, and the summary nature of many of the executions, the true extent of the Red Terror will likely never be known. When the Bolsheviks emerged victorious from the civil war in 1921, the Red Terror technically ended. But the violence was the prelude to decades of repression and death in Soviet Russia. The Red Terror laid the foundation for political purges and mass executions in the 1930s under Lenin’s successor Joseph Stalin, during which up to three million party “enemies” were killed. The concentration camps were predecessors of the Soviet gulags, forced labor camps where Stalin enslaved tens of millions of Russians from 1929 to 1953. And the Cheka eventually became the KGB, the U.S.S.R.’s feared intelligence agency. The Red Terror charted a macabre course for Russia. For the Bolsheviks, sweeping repression was justified as a tool that both solidified political power and furthered the aims of socialism. And it taught a pointed lesson to those who might otherwise have resisted the regime. “Intimidation is a powerful weapon of policy,” wrote Leon Trotsky, the leader of the Red Army and Lenin’s right-hand operative. “The revolution…kills individuals, and intimidates thousands.”''<ref>[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/red-terror-set-macabre-course-soviet-union How the Red Terror set a macabre course for the Soviet Union], National Geographic Society, 2020</ref>

	===Tyrkova-Williams===		===Tyrkova-Williams===
	Ariadna Vladimirovna Tyrkova-Williams (1869–1962) was a Russian-born politician and writer, who organised anti-Bolshevik resistance in Southern Russia. After emigrating to [[Britain]] in 1918, she published ''From Liberty to Brest-		Ariadna Vladimirovna Tyrkova-Williams (1869–1962) was a Russian-born politician and writer, who organised anti-Bolshevik resistance in Southern Russia. After emigrating to [[Britain]] in 1918, she published ''From Liberty to Brest-
	Litovsk: The First Year of ~~tbe~~ [[Russian Revolution]]'', in which she commented:		Litovsk: The First Year of the [[Russian Revolution]]'', in which she commented:

	: ''Besides obvious foreigners, Bolshevism recruited many adherents from among émigrés, who had spent many years abroad. Some of them had never been to Russia before. They especially numbered a great many jews. They spoke Russian badly. The nation over which they had seized power was a stranger to them, and besides, they behaved as invaders in a conquered country. Throughout ~~tbe~~ Revolution generally and Bolshevism in particular ~~tbe~~ [[jews]] occupied a very influential position. This phenomenon is both curious and complex. But ~~tbe~~ fact remains that such was ~~tbe~~ case in ~~tbe~~ primarily elected Soviet (the famous trio—Lieber, Dahn, Gotz), and all ~~tbe~~ more so in ~~tbe~~ second one. In ~~tbe~~ Tsarist Government ~~tbe~~ jews were excluded from all posts. Schools or Government service were closed to them. In ~~tbe~~ Soviet Republic all ~~tbe~~ committees and commissaries were filled with jews. They often changed their jewish name for a Russian one—Trotsky-Bronstein, Kamenev-Rozenfeld, Zinoviev-Apfelbaum, Steklov-Nakhamkes, and so on. But such a masquerade deceived no one, while ~~tbe~~ very pseudonyms of ~~tbe~~ commissaries only emphasised ~~tbe~~ international or rather ~~tbe~~ alien character of Bolshevist rule. This jewish predominance among Soviet authorities caused ~~tbe~~ despair of those Russian jews who, despite ~~tbe~~ cruel injustice of ~~tbe~~ Tsarist régime, looked upon Russia as their motherland, who lived ~~tbe~~ common life of ~~tbe~~ Russian intelligentsia and refused in common with them all collaboration with ~~tbe~~ Bolsheviks.''<ref>[https://archive.is/ZbXQ ''"such a masquerade deceived no one"''] at [[Winston Smith Ministry of Truth]]</ref>		: ''Besides obvious foreigners, Bolshevism recruited many adherents from among émigrés, who had spent many years abroad. Some of them had never been to Russia before. They especially numbered a great many jews. They spoke Russian badly. The nation over which they had seized power was a stranger to them, and besides, they behaved as invaders in a conquered country. Throughout the Revolution generally and Bolshevism in particular the [[jews]] occupied a very influential position. This phenomenon is both curious and complex. But the fact remains that such was the case in the primarily elected Soviet (the famous trio—Lieber, Dahn, Gotz), and all the more so in the second one. In the Tsarist Government the jews were excluded from all posts. Schools or Government service were closed to them. In the Soviet Republic all the committees and commissaries were filled with jews. They often changed their jewish name for a Russian one—Trotsky-Bronstein, Kamenev-Rozenfeld, Zinoviev-Apfelbaum, Steklov-Nakhamkes, and so on. But such a masquerade deceived no one, while the very pseudonyms of the commissaries only emphasised the international or rather the alien character of Bolshevist rule. This jewish predominance among Soviet authorities caused the despair of those Russian jews who, despite the cruel injustice of the Tsarist régime, looked upon Russia as their motherland, who lived the common life of the Russian intelligentsia and refused in common with them all collaboration with the Bolsheviks.''<ref>[https://archive.is/ZbXQ ''"such a masquerade deceived no one"''] at [[Winston Smith Ministry of Truth]]</ref>
	==See also==		==See also==
	*[[jewish Bolshevism]]		*[[jewish Bolshevism]]
Line 25:		Line 25:
	==External links==		==External links==
	*[https://alphahistory.com/russianrevolution/red-terror/ The Red Terror]		*[https://alphahistory.com/russianrevolution/red-terror/ The Red Terror]
	*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220220023317/https://www.ecrparty.eu/article/one_of_the_most_murderous_regimes_in_the_world_93_years_ago_lenin_died One of ~~tbe~~ most murderous leaders in ~~tbe~~ world: 93 years ago Lenin died]		*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220220023317/https://www.ecrparty.eu/article/one_of_the_most_murderous_regimes_in_the_world_93_years_ago_lenin_died One of the most murderous leaders in the world: 93 years ago Lenin died]

	==References==		==References==

Bacchus: Text replacement - " the " to " tbe "

2024-04-26T17:10:20Z

Text replacement - " the " to " tbe "

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:10, 26 April 2024
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Images.jpg-4-JEWS.png\|thumb\|300px\|[[Marx]], [[Engels]], [[Lenin]], [[Trotsky]]]]		[[File:Images.jpg-4-JEWS.png\|thumb\|300px\|[[Marx]], [[Engels]], [[Lenin]], [[Trotsky]]]]
	The '''Bolsheviks''' (Russian: Большеви́к IPA: [bəlʲʂɨˈvʲik], derived from ''bolshinstvo'', "majority") were a faction of ~~the~~ [[Marxist]] Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split from ~~the~~ [[Menshevik]] faction at ~~the~~ Second Party Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik Party Political Programme was published in August of that year.<ref>Dmytryshyn, Basil, editor, ''Imperial Russia - A Source Book 1700-1917'', New York & London, 1967, pps:325-331</ref> Its local organisations across ~~the~~ country were called Soviets, and it later became ~~the~~ [[Communist Party of ~~the~~ Soviet Union]].		The '''Bolsheviks''' (Russian: Большеви́к IPA: [bəlʲʂɨˈvʲik], derived from ''bolshinstvo'', "majority") were a faction of tbe [[Marxist]] Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split from tbe [[Menshevik]] faction at tbe Second Party Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik Party Political Programme was published in August of that year.<ref>Dmytryshyn, Basil, editor, ''Imperial Russia - A Source Book 1700-1917'', New York & London, 1967, pps:325-331</ref> Its local organisations across tbe country were called Soviets, and it later became tbe [[Communist Party of tbe Soviet Union]].
	==History==		==History==
	[[File:The poster depicts ~~the~~ sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International.png\|thumb\|300px\|The poster depicts ~~the~~ sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International. ]]		[[File:The poster depicts tbe sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International.png\|thumb\|300px\|The poster depicts tbe sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International. ]]
	[[File:Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920..png\|thumb\|300px\|Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920. Led by Vladimir Lenin, ~~the~~ Far-left terrorist Bolshevik regime sought to silence its enemies through a state-sanctioned policy of mass killings and detainments known as ~~the~~ "[[Red Terror]]".]]		[[File:Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920..png\|thumb\|300px\|Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920. Led by Vladimir Lenin, tbe Far-left terrorist Bolshevik regime sought to silence its enemies through a state-sanctioned policy of mass killings and detainments known as tbe "[[Red Terror]]".]]
	Bolsheviks (or "the Majority") were an organization of professional revolutionaries (with a mainly [[jewish]] hierarchy) who were strictly governed internally by their principle of quasi-democratic centralism and a quasi-military discipline, and externally by terror and murder.		Bolsheviks (or "the Majority") were an organization of professional revolutionaries (with a mainly [[jewish]] hierarchy) who were strictly governed internally by their principle of quasi-democratic centralism and a quasi-military discipline, and externally by terror and murder.

	They considered themselves as ~~the~~ vanguard of ~~the~~ revolutionary [[proletariat]] of ~~the~~ world, not just Russia. Their beliefs and practices are referred to as [[Bolshevism]]. The party was founded by [[Vladimir Lenin]], who also led it in ~~the~~ [[October Revolution]] when ~~the~~ Bolsheviks seized power in [[Russia]] and went on to found ~~the~~ [[Soviet Union]].		They considered themselves as tbe vanguard of tbe revolutionary [[proletariat]] of tbe world, not just Russia. Their beliefs and practices are referred to as [[Bolshevism]]. The party was founded by [[Vladimir Lenin]], who also led it in tbe [[October Revolution]] when tbe Bolsheviks seized power in [[Russia]] and went on to found tbe [[Soviet Union]].

	===Red Terror===		===Red Terror===
	: ''In 1918, ~~the~~ Bolshevik regime launched a state-sanctioned campaign of mass killings and detentions to silence political enemies—laying ~~the~~ foundation for decades of violence in ~~the~~ U.S.S.R. [...] Russian monarchy had ended. But even though ~~the~~ provisional government that succeeded ~~the~~ tsar passed sweeping civil rights reforms, it struggled to lead. World War I was still in progress, and government officials worried that a defeat at ~~the~~ hands of ~~the~~ Germans would lead to ~~the~~ restoration of ~~the~~ monarchy. Meanwhile, food shortages continued to stir discontent among many Russians. In November 1917, ~~the~~ Bolsheviks took advantage of ~~the~~ unrest and seized power by promising “peace, land and bread” to ~~the~~ Russian people. (The revolution is known as ~~the~~ October Revolution since it fell in October of ~~the~~ Julian calendar, which ~~the~~ Bolsheviks abandoned in January 1918.) The Bolsheviks saw Russia as ~~the~~ ideal place to set a communist revolution into motion—not by ~~the~~ working class rising up to abolish capitalism, as German philosopher [[Karl Marx]] had predicted, but through a small, authoritarian group that would establish a socialist state and nudge society toward [[communism]]. Led by Lenin, ~~the~~ Bolsheviks abolished ~~the~~ provisional government and abandoned any attempt at democracy. In March 1918, they signed a treaty with ~~the~~ [[Central Powers]] to end Russia’s involvement in [[World War I]]—a punitive agreement that ceded a third of Russia’s population and agricultural land and most of its resources to [[Germany]]. [...] The death toll of ~~the~~ Red Terror may have been much larger—by some accounts, up to 1.3 million may have been its victims. However, due to secrecy, censorship, and ~~the~~ summary nature of many of ~~the~~ executions, ~~the~~ true extent of ~~the~~ Red Terror will likely never be known. When ~~the~~ Bolsheviks emerged victorious from ~~the~~ civil war in 1921, ~~the~~ Red Terror technically ended. But ~~the~~ violence was ~~the~~ prelude to decades of repression and death in Soviet Russia. The Red Terror laid ~~the~~ foundation for political purges and mass executions in ~~the~~ 1930s under Lenin’s successor Joseph Stalin, during which up to three million party “enemies” were killed. The concentration camps were predecessors of ~~the~~ Soviet gulags, forced labor camps where Stalin enslaved tens of millions of Russians from 1929 to 1953. And ~~the~~ Cheka eventually became ~~the~~ KGB, ~~the~~ U.S.S.R.’s feared intelligence agency. The Red Terror charted a macabre course for Russia. For ~~the~~ Bolsheviks, sweeping repression was justified as a tool that both solidified political power and furthered ~~the~~ aims of socialism. And it taught a pointed lesson to those who might otherwise have resisted ~~the~~ regime. “Intimidation is a powerful weapon of policy,” wrote Leon Trotsky, ~~the~~ leader of ~~the~~ Red Army and Lenin’s right-hand operative. “The revolution…kills individuals, and intimidates thousands.”''<ref>[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/red-terror-set-macabre-course-soviet-union How ~~the~~ Red Terror set a macabre course for ~~the~~ Soviet Union], National Geographic Society, 2020</ref>		: ''In 1918, tbe Bolshevik regime launched a state-sanctioned campaign of mass killings and detentions to silence political enemies—laying tbe foundation for decades of violence in tbe U.S.S.R. [...] Russian monarchy had ended. But even though tbe provisional government that succeeded tbe tsar passed sweeping civil rights reforms, it struggled to lead. World War I was still in progress, and government officials worried that a defeat at tbe hands of tbe Germans would lead to tbe restoration of tbe monarchy. Meanwhile, food shortages continued to stir discontent among many Russians. In November 1917, tbe Bolsheviks took advantage of tbe unrest and seized power by promising “peace, land and bread” to tbe Russian people. (The revolution is known as tbe October Revolution since it fell in October of tbe Julian calendar, which tbe Bolsheviks abandoned in January 1918.) The Bolsheviks saw Russia as tbe ideal place to set a communist revolution into motion—not by tbe working class rising up to abolish capitalism, as German philosopher [[Karl Marx]] had predicted, but through a small, authoritarian group that would establish a socialist state and nudge society toward [[communism]]. Led by Lenin, tbe Bolsheviks abolished tbe provisional government and abandoned any attempt at democracy. In March 1918, they signed a treaty with tbe [[Central Powers]] to end Russia’s involvement in [[World War I]]—a punitive agreement that ceded a third of Russia’s population and agricultural land and most of its resources to [[Germany]]. [...] The death toll of tbe Red Terror may have been much larger—by some accounts, up to 1.3 million may have been its victims. However, due to secrecy, censorship, and tbe summary nature of many of tbe executions, tbe true extent of tbe Red Terror will likely never be known. When tbe Bolsheviks emerged victorious from tbe civil war in 1921, tbe Red Terror technically ended. But tbe violence was tbe prelude to decades of repression and death in Soviet Russia. The Red Terror laid tbe foundation for political purges and mass executions in tbe 1930s under Lenin’s successor Joseph Stalin, during which up to three million party “enemies” were killed. The concentration camps were predecessors of tbe Soviet gulags, forced labor camps where Stalin enslaved tens of millions of Russians from 1929 to 1953. And tbe Cheka eventually became tbe KGB, tbe U.S.S.R.’s feared intelligence agency. The Red Terror charted a macabre course for Russia. For tbe Bolsheviks, sweeping repression was justified as a tool that both solidified political power and furthered tbe aims of socialism. And it taught a pointed lesson to those who might otherwise have resisted tbe regime. “Intimidation is a powerful weapon of policy,” wrote Leon Trotsky, tbe leader of tbe Red Army and Lenin’s right-hand operative. “The revolution…kills individuals, and intimidates thousands.”''<ref>[https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/red-terror-set-macabre-course-soviet-union How tbe Red Terror set a macabre course for tbe Soviet Union], National Geographic Society, 2020</ref>

	===Tyrkova-Williams===		===Tyrkova-Williams===
	Ariadna Vladimirovna Tyrkova-Williams (1869–1962) was a Russian-born politician and writer, who organised anti-Bolshevik resistance in Southern Russia. After emigrating to [[Britain]] in 1918, she published ''From Liberty to Brest-		Ariadna Vladimirovna Tyrkova-Williams (1869–1962) was a Russian-born politician and writer, who organised anti-Bolshevik resistance in Southern Russia. After emigrating to [[Britain]] in 1918, she published ''From Liberty to Brest-
	Litovsk: The First Year of ~~the~~ [[Russian Revolution]]'', in which she commented:		Litovsk: The First Year of tbe [[Russian Revolution]]'', in which she commented:

	: ''Besides obvious foreigners, Bolshevism recruited many adherents from among émigrés, who had spent many years abroad. Some of them had never been to Russia before. They especially numbered a great many jews. They spoke Russian badly. The nation over which they had seized power was a stranger to them, and besides, they behaved as invaders in a conquered country. Throughout ~~the~~ Revolution generally and Bolshevism in particular ~~the~~ [[jews]] occupied a very influential position. This phenomenon is both curious and complex. But ~~the~~ fact remains that such was ~~the~~ case in ~~the~~ primarily elected Soviet (the famous trio—Lieber, Dahn, Gotz), and all ~~the~~ more so in ~~the~~ second one. In ~~the~~ Tsarist Government ~~the~~ jews were excluded from all posts. Schools or Government service were closed to them. In ~~the~~ Soviet Republic all ~~the~~ committees and commissaries were filled with jews. They often changed their jewish name for a Russian one—Trotsky-Bronstein, Kamenev-Rozenfeld, Zinoviev-Apfelbaum, Steklov-Nakhamkes, and so on. But such a masquerade deceived no one, while ~~the~~ very pseudonyms of ~~the~~ commissaries only emphasised ~~the~~ international or rather ~~the~~ alien character of Bolshevist rule. This jewish predominance among Soviet authorities caused ~~the~~ despair of those Russian jews who, despite ~~the~~ cruel injustice of ~~the~~ Tsarist régime, looked upon Russia as their motherland, who lived ~~the~~ common life of ~~the~~ Russian intelligentsia and refused in common with them all collaboration with ~~the~~ Bolsheviks.''<ref>[https://archive.is/ZbXQ ''"such a masquerade deceived no one"''] at [[Winston Smith Ministry of Truth]]</ref>		: ''Besides obvious foreigners, Bolshevism recruited many adherents from among émigrés, who had spent many years abroad. Some of them had never been to Russia before. They especially numbered a great many jews. They spoke Russian badly. The nation over which they had seized power was a stranger to them, and besides, they behaved as invaders in a conquered country. Throughout tbe Revolution generally and Bolshevism in particular tbe [[jews]] occupied a very influential position. This phenomenon is both curious and complex. But tbe fact remains that such was tbe case in tbe primarily elected Soviet (the famous trio—Lieber, Dahn, Gotz), and all tbe more so in tbe second one. In tbe Tsarist Government tbe jews were excluded from all posts. Schools or Government service were closed to them. In tbe Soviet Republic all tbe committees and commissaries were filled with jews. They often changed their jewish name for a Russian one—Trotsky-Bronstein, Kamenev-Rozenfeld, Zinoviev-Apfelbaum, Steklov-Nakhamkes, and so on. But such a masquerade deceived no one, while tbe very pseudonyms of tbe commissaries only emphasised tbe international or rather tbe alien character of Bolshevist rule. This jewish predominance among Soviet authorities caused tbe despair of those Russian jews who, despite tbe cruel injustice of tbe Tsarist régime, looked upon Russia as their motherland, who lived tbe common life of tbe Russian intelligentsia and refused in common with them all collaboration with tbe Bolsheviks.''<ref>[https://archive.is/ZbXQ ''"such a masquerade deceived no one"''] at [[Winston Smith Ministry of Truth]]</ref>
	==See also==		==See also==
	*[[jewish Bolshevism]]		*[[jewish Bolshevism]]
Line 25:		Line 25:
	==External links==		==External links==
	*[https://alphahistory.com/russianrevolution/red-terror/ The Red Terror]		*[https://alphahistory.com/russianrevolution/red-terror/ The Red Terror]
	*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220220023317/https://www.ecrparty.eu/article/one_of_the_most_murderous_regimes_in_the_world_93_years_ago_lenin_died One of ~~the~~ most murderous leaders in ~~the~~ world: 93 years ago Lenin died]		*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220220023317/https://www.ecrparty.eu/article/one_of_the_most_murderous_regimes_in_the_world_93_years_ago_lenin_died One of tbe most murderous leaders in tbe world: 93 years ago Lenin died]

	==References==		==References==

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	~~[[da:Bolsjevisme]]~~

	~~[[es:Bolchevique]]~~
	~~[[no:Bolsjevisme]]~~
	~~[[sv:Bolsjevism]]~~

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	~~[[de:Bolschewismus]]~~
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	[[no:Bolsjevisme]]		[[no:Bolsjevisme]]
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	~~[[Category:Communism in Russia]]~~
	[[da:Bolsjevisme]]		[[da:Bolsjevisme]]
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	[[File:Images.jpg-4-JEWS.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|[[Marx]], [[Engels]], [[Lenin]], [[Trotsky]]]]		[[File:Images.jpg-4-JEWS.png\|thumb\|300px\|[[Marx]], [[Engels]], [[Lenin]], [[Trotsky]]]]
	The '''Bolsheviks''' (Russian: Большеви́к IPA: [bəlʲʂɨˈvʲik], derived from ''bolshinstvo'', "majority") were a faction of the [[Marxist]] Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split from the [[Menshevik]] faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik Party Political Programme was published in August of that year.<ref>Dmytryshyn, Basil, editor, ''Imperial Russia - A Source Book 1700-1917'', New York & London, 1967, pps:325-331</ref> Its local organisations across the country were called Soviets, and it later became the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]].		The '''Bolsheviks''' (Russian: Большеви́к IPA: [bəlʲʂɨˈvʲik], derived from ''bolshinstvo'', "majority") were a faction of the [[Marxist]] Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split from the [[Menshevik]] faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903. The Bolshevik Party Political Programme was published in August of that year.<ref>Dmytryshyn, Basil, editor, ''Imperial Russia - A Source Book 1700-1917'', New York & London, 1967, pps:325-331</ref> Its local organisations across the country were called Soviets, and it later became the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]].
	==History==		==History==
	[[File:The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International. ]]		[[File:The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International.png\|thumb\|300px\|The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International. ]]
	[[File:Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920..~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920. Led by Vladimir Lenin, the Far-left terrorist Bolshevik regime sought to silence its enemies through a state-sanctioned policy of mass killings and detainments known as the "[[Red Terror]]".]]		[[File:Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920..png\|thumb\|300px\|Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920. Led by Vladimir Lenin, the Far-left terrorist Bolshevik regime sought to silence its enemies through a state-sanctioned policy of mass killings and detainments known as the "[[Red Terror]]".]]
	Bolsheviks (or "the Majority") were an organization of professional revolutionaries (with a mainly [[jewish]] hierarchy) who were strictly governed internally by their principle of quasi-democratic centralism and a quasi-military discipline, and externally by terror and murder.		Bolsheviks (or "the Majority") were an organization of professional revolutionaries (with a mainly [[jewish]] hierarchy) who were strictly governed internally by their principle of quasi-democratic centralism and a quasi-military discipline, and externally by terror and murder.

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	~~[[Category:Russian revolution]]~~
	[[Category:Communism in Russia]]		[[Category:Communism in Russia]]
	[[da:Bolsjevisme]]		[[da:Bolsjevisme]]

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	[[File:The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International. ]]		[[File:The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|The poster depicts the sacrifice of Russia to a Marxist International. ]]
	[[File:Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920..jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920. Led by Vladimir Lenin, the Far-left terrorist Bolshevik regime sought to silence its enemies through a state-sanctioned policy of mass killings and detainments known as the "[[Red Terror]]".]]		[[File:Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920..jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Bolsheviks armed with guns ride in a truck in Vladivostok, Russia, in 1920. Led by Vladimir Lenin, the Far-left terrorist Bolshevik regime sought to silence its enemies through a state-sanctioned policy of mass killings and detainments known as the "[[Red Terror]]".]]
	Bolsheviks (or "the Majority") were an organization of professional revolutionaries (with a mainly [[~~Jewish~~]] hierarchy) who were strictly governed internally by their principle of quasi-democratic centralism and a quasi-military discipline, and externally by terror and murder.		Bolsheviks (or "the Majority") were an organization of professional revolutionaries (with a mainly [[jewish]] hierarchy) who were strictly governed internally by their principle of quasi-democratic centralism and a quasi-military discipline, and externally by terror and murder.

	They considered themselves as the vanguard of the revolutionary [[proletariat]] of the world, not just Russia. Their beliefs and practices are referred to as [[Bolshevism]]. The party was founded by [[Vladimir Lenin]], who also led it in the [[October Revolution]] when the Bolsheviks seized power in [[Russia]] and went on to found the [[Soviet Union]].		They considered themselves as the vanguard of the revolutionary [[proletariat]] of the world, not just Russia. Their beliefs and practices are referred to as [[Bolshevism]]. The party was founded by [[Vladimir Lenin]], who also led it in the [[October Revolution]] when the Bolsheviks seized power in [[Russia]] and went on to found the [[Soviet Union]].
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	Litovsk: The First Year of the [[Russian Revolution]]'', in which she commented:		Litovsk: The First Year of the [[Russian Revolution]]'', in which she commented:

	: ''Besides obvious foreigners, Bolshevism recruited many adherents from among émigrés, who had spent many years abroad. Some of them had never been to Russia before. They especially numbered a great many ~~Jews~~. They spoke Russian badly. The nation over which they had seized power was a stranger to them, and besides, they behaved as invaders in a conquered country. Throughout the Revolution generally and Bolshevism in particular the [[~~Jews~~]] occupied a very influential position. This phenomenon is both curious and complex. But the fact remains that such was the case in the primarily elected Soviet (the famous trio—Lieber, Dahn, Gotz), and all the more so in the second one. In the Tsarist Government the ~~Jews~~ were excluded from all posts. Schools or Government service were closed to them. In the Soviet Republic all the committees and commissaries were filled with ~~Jews~~. They often changed their ~~Jewish~~ name for a Russian one—Trotsky-Bronstein, Kamenev-Rozenfeld, Zinoviev-Apfelbaum, Steklov-Nakhamkes, and so on. But such a masquerade deceived no one, while the very pseudonyms of the commissaries only emphasised the international or rather the alien character of Bolshevist rule. This ~~Jewish~~ predominance among Soviet authorities caused the despair of those Russian ~~Jews~~ who, despite the cruel injustice of the Tsarist régime, looked upon Russia as their motherland, who lived the common life of the Russian intelligentsia and refused in common with them all collaboration with the Bolsheviks.''<ref>[https://archive.is/ZbXQ ''"such a masquerade deceived no one"''] at [[Winston Smith Ministry of Truth]]</ref>		: ''Besides obvious foreigners, Bolshevism recruited many adherents from among émigrés, who had spent many years abroad. Some of them had never been to Russia before. They especially numbered a great many jews. They spoke Russian badly. The nation over which they had seized power was a stranger to them, and besides, they behaved as invaders in a conquered country. Throughout the Revolution generally and Bolshevism in particular the [[jews]] occupied a very influential position. This phenomenon is both curious and complex. But the fact remains that such was the case in the primarily elected Soviet (the famous trio—Lieber, Dahn, Gotz), and all the more so in the second one. In the Tsarist Government the jews were excluded from all posts. Schools or Government service were closed to them. In the Soviet Republic all the committees and commissaries were filled with jews. They often changed their jewish name for a Russian one—Trotsky-Bronstein, Kamenev-Rozenfeld, Zinoviev-Apfelbaum, Steklov-Nakhamkes, and so on. But such a masquerade deceived no one, while the very pseudonyms of the commissaries only emphasised the international or rather the alien character of Bolshevist rule. This jewish predominance among Soviet authorities caused the despair of those Russian jews who, despite the cruel injustice of the Tsarist régime, looked upon Russia as their motherland, who lived the common life of the Russian intelligentsia and refused in common with them all collaboration with the Bolsheviks.''<ref>[https://archive.is/ZbXQ ''"such a masquerade deceived no one"''] at [[Winston Smith Ministry of Truth]]</ref>
	==See also==		==See also==
	*[[~~Jewish~~ Bolshevism]]		*[[jewish Bolshevism]]
	*[[Joseph Stalin]]		*[[Joseph Stalin]]
	*[[Felix Dzerzhinski]]		*[[Felix Dzerzhinski]]

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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist\|2}}

	[[Category:Communism]]		[[Category:Communism]]

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