Carleton Putnam - Revision history

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	== ''Race and Reason'' ==		== ''Race and Reason'' ==
	Putnam may be most known for ~~tbe~~ 1961 ''[[Race and Reason: A Yankee View]]''. "''Although it is difficult to imagine such a thing today, Mississippi and Virginia made Race and Reason part of their high school curricula. Governor Ross Barnett of Mississippi even declared October 26, 1961 “Race and Reason Day,” and invited Putnam to Jackson to give a major address, in which Putnam emphasized that it was futile to defend Southern traditions in ~~tbe~~ name of [[states’ rights]]. It was science, not ~~tbe~~ Constitution, that would protect whites from miscegenation.''		Putnam may be most known for the 1961 ''[[Race and Reason: A Yankee View]]''. "''Although it is difficult to imagine such a thing today, Mississippi and Virginia made Race and Reason part of their high school curricula. Governor Ross Barnett of Mississippi even declared October 26, 1961 “Race and Reason Day,” and invited Putnam to Jackson to give a major address, in which Putnam emphasized that it was futile to defend Southern traditions in the name of [[states’ rights]]. It was science, not the Constitution, that would protect whites from miscegenation.''

	''Putnam was such a force, and had so obviously captured ~~tbe~~ mood of ~~tbe~~ South that academic associations felt compelled to condemn him. The first to do so was ~~tbe~~ [[American Anthropological Association]], which, in November 1961, voted 192-0 to “repudiate statements now appearing in ~~tbe~~ United States that Negroes are biologically and in inherent mental ability inferior to whites.” Putnam was ~~tbe~~ clear but unnamed target.''		''Putnam was such a force, and had so obviously captured the mood of the South that academic associations felt compelled to condemn him. The first to do so was the [[American Anthropological Association]], which, in November 1961, voted 192-0 to “repudiate statements now appearing in the United States that Negroes are biologically and in inherent mental ability inferior to whites.” Putnam was the clear but unnamed target.''

	''The next year ~~tbe~~ American Association of Physical Anthropologists voted to “deplore ~~tbe~~ misuse of science to advocate racism.” The president of ~~tbe~~ association and chairman of ~~tbe~~ meeting that passed ~~tbe~~ vote was [[Carleton Coon]], who taught at ~~tbe~~ University of Pennsylvania and was ~~tbe~~ author of The Story of Man and The Origin of Races. He and Putnam were kinsmen, and agreed on many matters. Coon asked how many of ~~tbe~~ assembled anthropologists had read ~~tbe~~ book they were condemning; only one raised his hand. Later Coon wrote: “There they were, some of them old and trusted friends, apparently as brainwashed as Pavlov’s puppies. . . . I told my fellow members that I would no longer preside over such a craven lot, and resigned from ~~tbe~~ presidency.”''"<ref name=tfai>The Fight Against Integration https://www.amren.com/news/2008/01/the_fight_again/</ref>		''The next year the American Association of Physical Anthropologists voted to “deplore the misuse of science to advocate racism.” The president of the association and chairman of the meeting that passed the vote was [[Carleton Coon]], who taught at the University of Pennsylvania and was the author of The Story of Man and The Origin of Races. He and Putnam were kinsmen, and agreed on many matters. Coon asked how many of the assembled anthropologists had read the book they were condemning; only one raised his hand. Later Coon wrote: “There they were, some of them old and trusted friends, apparently as brainwashed as Pavlov’s puppies. . . . I told my fellow members that I would no longer preside over such a craven lot, and resigned from the presidency.”''"<ref name=tfai>The Fight Against Integration https://www.amren.com/news/2008/01/the_fight_again/</ref>

	== ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'' ==		== ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'' ==
	Putnam was important in organizing ~~tbe~~ 1963 case of ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'', which found that ~~tbe~~ ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' decision had been based on incorrect facts and that segregation was justified. However, as being a decision by a lower court, it was quickly overturned on appeal as unconstitutional, and ~~tbe~~ Supreme Court refused to examine ~~tbe~~ case. Putnam wrote that "''The appeal to truth, ~~tbe~~ levy upon honor, had failed.”<ref name=tfai/>		Putnam was important in organizing the 1963 case of ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'', which found that the ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' decision had been based on incorrect facts and that segregation was justified. However, as being a decision by a lower court, it was quickly overturned on appeal as unconstitutional, and the Supreme Court refused to examine the case. Putnam wrote that "''The appeal to truth, the levy upon honor, had failed.”<ref name=tfai/>

	==Works==		==Works==

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	== ''Race and Reason'' ==		== ''Race and Reason'' ==
	Putnam may be most known for ~~the~~ 1961 ''[[Race and Reason: A Yankee View]]''. "''Although it is difficult to imagine such a thing today, Mississippi and Virginia made Race and Reason part of their high school curricula. Governor Ross Barnett of Mississippi even declared October 26, 1961 “Race and Reason Day,” and invited Putnam to Jackson to give a major address, in which Putnam emphasized that it was futile to defend Southern traditions in ~~the~~ name of [[states’ rights]]. It was science, not ~~the~~ Constitution, that would protect whites from miscegenation.''		Putnam may be most known for tbe 1961 ''[[Race and Reason: A Yankee View]]''. "''Although it is difficult to imagine such a thing today, Mississippi and Virginia made Race and Reason part of their high school curricula. Governor Ross Barnett of Mississippi even declared October 26, 1961 “Race and Reason Day,” and invited Putnam to Jackson to give a major address, in which Putnam emphasized that it was futile to defend Southern traditions in tbe name of [[states’ rights]]. It was science, not tbe Constitution, that would protect whites from miscegenation.''

	''Putnam was such a force, and had so obviously captured ~~the~~ mood of ~~the~~ South that academic associations felt compelled to condemn him. The first to do so was ~~the~~ [[American Anthropological Association]], which, in November 1961, voted 192-0 to “repudiate statements now appearing in ~~the~~ United States that Negroes are biologically and in inherent mental ability inferior to whites.” Putnam was ~~the~~ clear but unnamed target.''		''Putnam was such a force, and had so obviously captured tbe mood of tbe South that academic associations felt compelled to condemn him. The first to do so was tbe [[American Anthropological Association]], which, in November 1961, voted 192-0 to “repudiate statements now appearing in tbe United States that Negroes are biologically and in inherent mental ability inferior to whites.” Putnam was tbe clear but unnamed target.''

	''The next year ~~the~~ American Association of Physical Anthropologists voted to “deplore ~~the~~ misuse of science to advocate racism.” The president of ~~the~~ association and chairman of ~~the~~ meeting that passed ~~the~~ vote was [[Carleton Coon]], who taught at ~~the~~ University of Pennsylvania and was ~~the~~ author of The Story of Man and The Origin of Races. He and Putnam were kinsmen, and agreed on many matters. Coon asked how many of ~~the~~ assembled anthropologists had read ~~the~~ book they were condemning; only one raised his hand. Later Coon wrote: “There they were, some of them old and trusted friends, apparently as brainwashed as Pavlov’s puppies. . . . I told my fellow members that I would no longer preside over such a craven lot, and resigned from ~~the~~ presidency.”''"<ref name=tfai>The Fight Against Integration https://www.amren.com/news/2008/01/the_fight_again/</ref>		''The next year tbe American Association of Physical Anthropologists voted to “deplore tbe misuse of science to advocate racism.” The president of tbe association and chairman of tbe meeting that passed tbe vote was [[Carleton Coon]], who taught at tbe University of Pennsylvania and was tbe author of The Story of Man and The Origin of Races. He and Putnam were kinsmen, and agreed on many matters. Coon asked how many of tbe assembled anthropologists had read tbe book they were condemning; only one raised his hand. Later Coon wrote: “There they were, some of them old and trusted friends, apparently as brainwashed as Pavlov’s puppies. . . . I told my fellow members that I would no longer preside over such a craven lot, and resigned from tbe presidency.”''"<ref name=tfai>The Fight Against Integration https://www.amren.com/news/2008/01/the_fight_again/</ref>

	== ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'' ==		== ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'' ==
	Putnam was important in organizing ~~the~~ 1963 case of ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'', which found that ~~the~~ ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' decision had been based on incorrect facts and that segregation was justified. However, as being a decision by a lower court, it was quickly overturned on appeal as unconstitutional, and ~~the~~ Supreme Court refused to examine ~~the~~ case. Putnam wrote that "''The appeal to truth, ~~the~~ levy upon honor, had failed.”<ref name=tfai/>		Putnam was important in organizing tbe 1963 case of ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'', which found that tbe ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' decision had been based on incorrect facts and that segregation was justified. However, as being a decision by a lower court, it was quickly overturned on appeal as unconstitutional, and tbe Supreme Court refused to examine tbe case. Putnam wrote that "''The appeal to truth, tbe levy upon honor, had failed.”<ref name=tfai/>

	==Works==		==Works==

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__NOTOC__
'''Carleton Putnam''' (19 December 1901 – 5 March 1998) was an American businessman, biographer, writer, and [[segregationist]].

He founded Chicago & Southern Airlines in 1933, which in 1953 was merged with Delta Air Lines. He would later serve as chief executive officer of Delta Air Lines and hold a seat on its board of directors until his death.

== ''Race and Reason'' ==
Putnam may be most known for the 1961 ''[[Race and Reason: A Yankee View]]''. "''Although it is difficult to imagine such a thing today, Mississippi and Virginia made Race and Reason part of their high school curricula. Governor Ross Barnett of Mississippi even declared October 26, 1961 “Race and Reason Day,” and invited Putnam to Jackson to give a major address, in which Putnam emphasized that it was futile to defend Southern traditions in the name of [[states’ rights]]. It was science, not the Constitution, that would protect whites from miscegenation.''

''Putnam was such a force, and had so obviously captured the mood of the South that academic associations felt compelled to condemn him. The first to do so was the [[American Anthropological Association]], which, in November 1961, voted 192-0 to “repudiate statements now appearing in the United States that Negroes are biologically and in inherent mental ability inferior to whites.” Putnam was the clear but unnamed target.''

''The next year the American Association of Physical Anthropologists voted to “deplore the misuse of science to advocate racism.” The president of the association and chairman of the meeting that passed the vote was [[Carleton Coon]], who taught at the University of Pennsylvania and was the author of The Story of Man and The Origin of Races. He and Putnam were kinsmen, and agreed on many matters. Coon asked how many of the assembled anthropologists had read the book they were condemning; only one raised his hand. Later Coon wrote: “There they were, some of them old and trusted friends, apparently as brainwashed as Pavlov’s puppies. . . . I told my fellow members that I would no longer preside over such a craven lot, and resigned from the presidency.”''"<ref name=tfai>The Fight Against Integration https://www.amren.com/news/2008/01/the_fight_again/</ref>

== ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'' ==
Putnam was important in organizing the 1963 case of ''Stell v. Savannah-Chatham Board of Education'', which found that the ''[[Brown v. Board of Education]]'' decision had been based on incorrect facts and that segregation was justified. However, as being a decision by a lower court, it was quickly overturned on appeal as unconstitutional, and the Supreme Court refused to examine the case. Putnam wrote that "''The appeal to truth, the levy upon honor, had failed.”<ref name=tfai/>

==Works==
* ''[[Race and Reason: A Yankee View]]'' (1961).
* ''[[Race and Reality: A Search for Solutions]]'' (1967).
* ''A Study in Racial Realities'' (1964).
*''[https://folktrove.com/western-destiny-volume-ix-number-4-september-1964/ Open Letter to President Johnson]'', [[Western Destiny]] Vol. IX, No. 4, Sep. (1964).

== External links ==
*[https://www.amren.com/news/2008/01/the_fight_again/ The Fight Against Integration]

{{references}}

[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1998 deaths]]
[[Category:American writers]]
[[Category:Early researchers and writers on race]]