Friedrich Nietzsche - Revision history

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	[[Image:FriedrichNietzsche.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|Prof. Dr. phil. h. c. Friedrich Nietzsche; He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel ([[Switzerland]]) in 1869 at the age of 24. Nietzsche's writing spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, music, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from Greek tragedy as well as figures such as Zoroaster, [[Arthur Schopenhauer]], Ralph Waldo Emerson, [[Richard Wagner]] and [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]]. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th- and early 21st-century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, poetry, politics, and popular culture.]]		[[Image:FriedrichNietzsche.png\|thumb\|300px\|Prof. Dr. phil. h. c. Friedrich Nietzsche; He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel ([[Switzerland]]) in 1869 at the age of 24. Nietzsche's writing spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, music, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from Greek tragedy as well as figures such as Zoroaster, [[Arthur Schopenhauer]], Ralph Waldo Emerson, [[Richard Wagner]] and [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]]. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th- and early 21st-century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, poetry, politics, and popular culture.]]
	'''Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche''' (b. 15 October 1844 in Röcken near [[Leipzig]], Kingdom of Saxony, [[German Confederation]]; d. 25 August 1900 in [[Weimar]], Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, [[German Empire]]) was a [[Germans\|German]] [[philosopher]], cultural critic, poet, philologist, as well as and Latin and Greek scholar, whose work has exerted a profound influence on Western philosophy and modern intellectual history, who published intensively in the 1870s and 1880s.		'''Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche''' (b. 15 October 1844 in Röcken near [[Leipzig]], Kingdom of Saxony, [[German Confederation]]; d. 25 August 1900 in [[Weimar]], Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, [[German Empire]]) was a [[Germans\|German]] [[philosopher]], cultural critic, poet, philologist, as well as and Latin and Greek scholar, whose work has exerted a profound influence on Western philosophy and modern intellectual history, who published intensively in the 1870s and 1880s.

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	==Life==		==Life==
	[[File:Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900). Photo taken in February of 1873..~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900) taken in February of 1873.]]		[[File:Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900). Photo taken in February of 1873..png\|thumb\|300px\|Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900) taken in February of 1873.]]
	[[File:Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px\|Friedrich's beloved sister Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche; The common account made by Nietzsche new editors and translators in the 1950s has been that in 1930, Förster-Nietzsche, a true German fascist, became a supporter of the [[NSDAP]] and ''falsified Nietzsche's work'' instead of just editing. This account has been debunked by recent scholarship.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220710020429/https://newramblerreview.com/book-reviews/philosophy/nietzsche-s-hatred-of-jew-hatred ''Nietzsche’s Hatred of “jew Hatred”'' By BRIAN LEITER, Review of ''Nietzsche’s jewish Problem: Between Anti-Semitism and Anti-Judaism'' by Robert C. Holub]</ref> She was never a supporter or member of the party, although she welcomed the politics of Italy ([[Mussolini]]) and Germany. It is however well established that when Hitler came to power in 1933, the Nietzsche Archive received financial support and publicity from the government. Förster-Nietzsche's funeral in 1935 was attended by [[Adolf Hitler]] and several high-ranking German officials.]]		[[File:Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche.png\|thumb\|300px\|Friedrich's beloved sister Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche; The common account made by Nietzsche new editors and translators in the 1950s has been that in 1930, Förster-Nietzsche, a true German fascist, became a supporter of the [[NSDAP]] and ''falsified Nietzsche's work'' instead of just editing. This account has been debunked by recent scholarship.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220710020429/https://newramblerreview.com/book-reviews/philosophy/nietzsche-s-hatred-of-jew-hatred ''Nietzsche’s Hatred of “jew Hatred”'' By BRIAN LEITER, Review of ''Nietzsche’s jewish Problem: Between Anti-Semitism and Anti-Judaism'' by Robert C. Holub]</ref> She was never a supporter or member of the party, although she welcomed the politics of Italy ([[Mussolini]]) and Germany. It is however well established that when Hitler came to power in 1933, the Nietzsche Archive received financial support and publicity from the government. Förster-Nietzsche's funeral in 1935 was attended by [[Adolf Hitler]] and several high-ranking German officials.]]
	Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, named after King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, was born into, and largely remained within, the ''Bildungsbürgertum'', a sort of highly cultivated middleclass. By the time he was a teenager, he had been writing music and poetry. His aunt Rosalie gave him a biography of [[Alexander von Humboldt]] ([https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Humboldt,_Alexander_von de]) for his 15th birthday, and reading this inspired a love of learning "for its own sake". The schools he attended, the books he read, and his general milieu fostered and inculcated his interests in Bildung, or self-development. Nietzsche attended a boys' school and then a private school, where he became friends with Gustav Krug and Wilhelm Pinder, all three of whom came from highly respected families. Academic records from one of the schools attended by Nietzsche noted that he excelled in Christian theology. In 1854, he began to attend Dom-[[Gymnasium]] in Naumburg. Because his father had worked for the state (as a pastor) the now-fatherless Nietzsche was offered a scholarship to study at the internationally recognized ''Schulpforta''. He studied there from 1858 to 1864, becoming friends with Paul Deussen and Carl von Gersdorff. He also found time to work on poems and musical compositions. Nietzsche led "Germania", a patriotic music and literature club, during his summers in Naumburg. At ''Schulpforta'', Nietzsche received an important grounding in languages—Greek, Latin, Hebrew, and French—so as to be able to read important primary sources; he also experienced for the first time being away from his family life in a small-town conservative environment.		Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, named after King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, was born into, and largely remained within, the ''Bildungsbürgertum'', a sort of highly cultivated middleclass. By the time he was a teenager, he had been writing music and poetry. His aunt Rosalie gave him a biography of [[Alexander von Humboldt]] ([https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Humboldt,_Alexander_von de]) for his 15th birthday, and reading this inspired a love of learning "for its own sake". The schools he attended, the books he read, and his general milieu fostered and inculcated his interests in Bildung, or self-development. Nietzsche attended a boys' school and then a private school, where he became friends with Gustav Krug and Wilhelm Pinder, all three of whom came from highly respected families. Academic records from one of the schools attended by Nietzsche noted that he excelled in Christian theology. In 1854, he began to attend Dom-[[Gymnasium]] in Naumburg. Because his father had worked for the state (as a pastor) the now-fatherless Nietzsche was offered a scholarship to study at the internationally recognized ''Schulpforta''. He studied there from 1858 to 1864, becoming friends with Paul Deussen and Carl von Gersdorff. He also found time to work on poems and musical compositions. Nietzsche led "Germania", a patriotic music and literature club, during his summers in Naumburg. At ''Schulpforta'', Nietzsche received an important grounding in languages—Greek, Latin, Hebrew, and French—so as to be able to read important primary sources; he also experienced for the first time being away from his family life in a small-town conservative environment.

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	* ''“Behold, I bring you the Superman! The Superman is the meaning of the earth. Let your will say: The Superman shall be the meaning of the earth! I beg of you my brothers, remain true to the earth, and believe not those who speak to you of otherworldly hopes! Poisoners are they, whether they know it or not. Despisers of life are they, decaying ones and poisoned ones themselves, of whom the earth is weary: so away with them!”''		* ''“Behold, I bring you the Superman! The Superman is the meaning of the earth. Let your will say: The Superman shall be the meaning of the earth! I beg of you my brothers, remain true to the earth, and believe not those who speak to you of otherworldly hopes! Poisoners are they, whether they know it or not. Despisers of life are they, decaying ones and poisoned ones themselves, of whom the earth is weary: so away with them!”''
	** ''Übermensch'': In his 1883 book, ''Thus Spoke Zarathustra'' (German: ''Also sprach Zarathustra''), Nietzsche has his character Zarathustra posit the ''Übermensch'' as a goal for humanity to set for itself. The Übermensch represents a shift from otherworldly Christian values and manifests the grounded human ideal. In 1896, Alexander Tille made the first English translation of ''Thus Spoke Zarathustra'', rendering ''Übermensch'' as "Beyond-Man". In 1909, Thomas Common translated it as "Superman", following the terminology of George Bernard Shaw's 1903 stage play Man and Superman. Walter Kaufmann lambasted this translation in the 1950s for two reasons: first, the failure of the English prefix "super" to capture the nuance of the [[German language\|German]] ''über'' (though in Latin, its meaning of "above" or "beyond" is closer to the German); and second, for promoting misidentification of Nietzsche's concept with the comic-book character Superman. Kaufmann and others preferred to translate Übermensch as "overman". A translation like "superior humans" might better fit the concept of Nietzsche as he unfolds his narrative. Scholars continue to employ both terms, some simply opting to reproduce the German word.		** ''Übermensch'': In his 1883 book, ''Thus Spoke Zarathustra'' (German: ''Also sprach Zarathustra''), Nietzsche has his character Zarathustra posit the ''Übermensch'' as a goal for humanity to set for itself. The Übermensch represents a shift from otherworldly Christian values and manifests the grounded human ideal. In 1896, Alexander Tille made the first English translation of ''Thus Spoke Zarathustra'', rendering ''Übermensch'' as "Beyond-Man". In 1909, Thomas Common translated it as "Superman", following the terminology of George Bernard Shaw's 1903 stage play Man and Superman. Walter Kaufmann lambasted this translation in the 1950s for two reasons: first, the failure of the English prefix "super" to capture the nuance of the [[German language\|German]] ''über'' (though in Latin, its meaning of "above" or "beyond" is closer to the German); and second, for promoting misidentification of Nietzsche's concept with the comic-book character Superman. Kaufmann and others preferred to translate Übermensch as "overman". A translation like "superior humans" might better fit the concept of Nietzsche as he unfolds his narrative. Scholars continue to employ both terms, some simply opting to reproduce the German word.
	[[File:Friedrich Nietzsche III.~~jpg~~\|right\|360px]]		[[File:Friedrich Nietzsche III.png\|right\|360px]]
	* ''“I cannot believe in a God who wants to be praised all the time. [...] I would believe only in a God that knows how to Dance.”''		* ''“I cannot believe in a God who wants to be praised all the time. [...] I would believe only in a God that knows how to Dance.”''

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	==Writings (excerpt)==		==Writings (excerpt)==
	[[File:NIETZSCHE, Friedrich. Also Sprach Zarathustra. Ein Buch fur Alle und Keinen. (FIRST EDITION SECOND ISSUE - 1886).~~jpg~~\|right\|360px]]		[[File:NIETZSCHE, Friedrich. Also Sprach Zarathustra. Ein Buch fur Alle und Keinen. (FIRST EDITION SECOND ISSUE - 1886).png\|right\|360px]]
	* ''Kritische Gesamtausgabe Briefwechsel'', G. Colli and M. Montinari (ed.), 24 volumes in 4 parts, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1975.		* ''Kritische Gesamtausgabe Briefwechsel'', G. Colli and M. Montinari (ed.), 24 volumes in 4 parts, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1975.
	* ''The Antichrist'', Walter Kaufmann (trans.), in The Portable Nietzsche, Walter Kaufmann (ed.), New York: Viking Press, 1968.		* ''The Antichrist'', Walter Kaufmann (trans.), in The Portable Nietzsche, Walter Kaufmann (ed.), New York: Viking Press, 1968.

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "Jew" to "jew"

2024-02-21T00:34:08Z

Text replacement - "Jew" to "jew"

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:34, 20 February 2024
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	==Life==		==Life==
	[[File:Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900). Photo taken in February of 1873..jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900) taken in February of 1873.]]		[[File:Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900). Photo taken in February of 1873..jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900) taken in February of 1873.]]
	[[File:Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Friedrich's beloved sister Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche; The common account made by Nietzsche new editors and translators in the 1950s has been that in 1930, Förster-Nietzsche, a true German fascist, became a supporter of the [[NSDAP]] and ''falsified Nietzsche's work'' instead of just editing. This account has been debunked by recent scholarship.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220710020429/https://newramblerreview.com/book-reviews/philosophy/nietzsche-s-hatred-of-jew-hatred ''Nietzsche’s Hatred of ~~“Jew~~ Hatred”'' By BRIAN LEITER, Review of ''Nietzsche’s ~~Jewish~~ Problem: Between Anti-Semitism and Anti-Judaism'' by Robert C. Holub]</ref> She was never a supporter or member of the party, although she welcomed the politics of Italy ([[Mussolini]]) and Germany. It is however well established that when Hitler came to power in 1933, the Nietzsche Archive received financial support and publicity from the government. Förster-Nietzsche's funeral in 1935 was attended by [[Adolf Hitler]] and several high-ranking German officials.]]		[[File:Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Friedrich's beloved sister Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche; The common account made by Nietzsche new editors and translators in the 1950s has been that in 1930, Förster-Nietzsche, a true German fascist, became a supporter of the [[NSDAP]] and ''falsified Nietzsche's work'' instead of just editing. This account has been debunked by recent scholarship.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220710020429/https://newramblerreview.com/book-reviews/philosophy/nietzsche-s-hatred-of-jew-hatred ''Nietzsche’s Hatred of “jew Hatred”'' By BRIAN LEITER, Review of ''Nietzsche’s jewish Problem: Between Anti-Semitism and Anti-Judaism'' by Robert C. Holub]</ref> She was never a supporter or member of the party, although she welcomed the politics of Italy ([[Mussolini]]) and Germany. It is however well established that when Hitler came to power in 1933, the Nietzsche Archive received financial support and publicity from the government. Förster-Nietzsche's funeral in 1935 was attended by [[Adolf Hitler]] and several high-ranking German officials.]]
	Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, named after King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, was born into, and largely remained within, the ''Bildungsbürgertum'', a sort of highly cultivated middleclass. By the time he was a teenager, he had been writing music and poetry. His aunt Rosalie gave him a biography of [[Alexander von Humboldt]] ([https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Humboldt,_Alexander_von de]) for his 15th birthday, and reading this inspired a love of learning "for its own sake". The schools he attended, the books he read, and his general milieu fostered and inculcated his interests in Bildung, or self-development. Nietzsche attended a boys' school and then a private school, where he became friends with Gustav Krug and Wilhelm Pinder, all three of whom came from highly respected families. Academic records from one of the schools attended by Nietzsche noted that he excelled in Christian theology. In 1854, he began to attend Dom-[[Gymnasium]] in Naumburg. Because his father had worked for the state (as a pastor) the now-fatherless Nietzsche was offered a scholarship to study at the internationally recognized ''Schulpforta''. He studied there from 1858 to 1864, becoming friends with Paul Deussen and Carl von Gersdorff. He also found time to work on poems and musical compositions. Nietzsche led "Germania", a patriotic music and literature club, during his summers in Naumburg. At ''Schulpforta'', Nietzsche received an important grounding in languages—Greek, Latin, Hebrew, and French—so as to be able to read important primary sources; he also experienced for the first time being away from his family life in a small-town conservative environment.		Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, named after King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, was born into, and largely remained within, the ''Bildungsbürgertum'', a sort of highly cultivated middleclass. By the time he was a teenager, he had been writing music and poetry. His aunt Rosalie gave him a biography of [[Alexander von Humboldt]] ([https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Humboldt,_Alexander_von de]) for his 15th birthday, and reading this inspired a love of learning "for its own sake". The schools he attended, the books he read, and his general milieu fostered and inculcated his interests in Bildung, or self-development. Nietzsche attended a boys' school and then a private school, where he became friends with Gustav Krug and Wilhelm Pinder, all three of whom came from highly respected families. Academic records from one of the schools attended by Nietzsche noted that he excelled in Christian theology. In 1854, he began to attend Dom-[[Gymnasium]] in Naumburg. Because his father had worked for the state (as a pastor) the now-fatherless Nietzsche was offered a scholarship to study at the internationally recognized ''Schulpforta''. He studied there from 1858 to 1864, becoming friends with Paul Deussen and Carl von Gersdorff. He also found time to work on poems and musical compositions. Nietzsche led "Germania", a patriotic music and literature club, during his summers in Naumburg. At ''Schulpforta'', Nietzsche received an important grounding in languages—Greek, Latin, Hebrew, and French—so as to be able to read important primary sources; he also experienced for the first time being away from his family life in a small-town conservative environment.

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	==External links ==		==External links ==
	*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2016/01/30/review-nietzsches-jewish-problem-part-one-of-two/ Review: Nietzsche’s ~~Jewish~~ Problem 1]		*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2016/01/30/review-nietzsches-jewish-problem-part-one-of-two/ Review: Nietzsche’s jewish Problem 1]
	*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2016/01/31/review-nietzsches-jewish-problem-part-two-of-two/ Review: Nietzsche’s ~~Jewish~~ Problem 2]		*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2016/01/31/review-nietzsches-jewish-problem-part-two-of-two/ Review: Nietzsche’s jewish Problem 2]
	*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2009/09/28/nietzsche-on-the-jews/ Nietzsche on the ~~Jews~~]		*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2009/09/28/nietzsche-on-the-jews/ Nietzsche on the jews]
	*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2010/01/31/kevin-macdonald-nietzsche-on-religion/ Nietzsche on Religion]		*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2010/01/31/kevin-macdonald-nietzsche-on-religion/ Nietzsche on Religion]
	*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2010/01/30/nietzsche-and-the-origins-of-christianity/ Nietzsche and the Origins of Christianity 1]		*[http://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2010/01/30/nietzsche-and-the-origins-of-christianity/ Nietzsche and the Origins of Christianity 1]

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2024-02-16T00:30:58Z

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	==Life==		==Life==
	[[File:Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900). Photo taken in February of 1873..jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900) taken in February of 1873.]]		[[File:Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900). Photo taken in February of 1873..jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Portrait of German philosopher and poet Friedrich W. Nietzsche (1844-1900) taken in February of 1873.]]
	[[File:Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Friedrich's beloved sister Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche; The common account made by Nietzsche new editors and translators in the 1950s has been that in 1930, Förster-Nietzsche, a true German ~~nationalist~~, became a supporter of the [[NSDAP]] and ''falsified Nietzsche's work'' instead of just editing. This account has been debunked by recent scholarship.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220710020429/https://newramblerreview.com/book-reviews/philosophy/nietzsche-s-hatred-of-jew-hatred ''Nietzsche’s Hatred of “Jew Hatred”'' By BRIAN LEITER, Review of ''Nietzsche’s Jewish Problem: Between Anti-Semitism and Anti-Judaism'' by Robert C. Holub]</ref> She was never a supporter or member of the party, although she welcomed the politics of Italy ([[Mussolini]]) and Germany. It is however well established that when Hitler came to power in 1933, the Nietzsche Archive received financial support and publicity from the government. Förster-Nietzsche's funeral in 1935 was attended by [[Adolf Hitler]] and several high-ranking German officials.]]		[[File:Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Friedrich's beloved sister Therese Elisabeth Alexandra Nietzsche; The common account made by Nietzsche new editors and translators in the 1950s has been that in 1930, Förster-Nietzsche, a true German fascist, became a supporter of the [[NSDAP]] and ''falsified Nietzsche's work'' instead of just editing. This account has been debunked by recent scholarship.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220710020429/https://newramblerreview.com/book-reviews/philosophy/nietzsche-s-hatred-of-jew-hatred ''Nietzsche’s Hatred of “Jew Hatred”'' By BRIAN LEITER, Review of ''Nietzsche’s Jewish Problem: Between Anti-Semitism and Anti-Judaism'' by Robert C. Holub]</ref> She was never a supporter or member of the party, although she welcomed the politics of Italy ([[Mussolini]]) and Germany. It is however well established that when Hitler came to power in 1933, the Nietzsche Archive received financial support and publicity from the government. Förster-Nietzsche's funeral in 1935 was attended by [[Adolf Hitler]] and several high-ranking German officials.]]
	Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, named after King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, was born into, and largely remained within, the ''Bildungsbürgertum'', a sort of highly cultivated middleclass. By the time he was a teenager, he had been writing music and poetry. His aunt Rosalie gave him a biography of [[Alexander von Humboldt]] ([https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Humboldt,_Alexander_von de]) for his 15th birthday, and reading this inspired a love of learning "for its own sake". The schools he attended, the books he read, and his general milieu fostered and inculcated his interests in Bildung, or self-development. Nietzsche attended a boys' school and then a private school, where he became friends with Gustav Krug and Wilhelm Pinder, all three of whom came from highly respected families. Academic records from one of the schools attended by Nietzsche noted that he excelled in Christian theology. In 1854, he began to attend Dom-[[Gymnasium]] in Naumburg. Because his father had worked for the state (as a pastor) the now-fatherless Nietzsche was offered a scholarship to study at the internationally recognized ''Schulpforta''. He studied there from 1858 to 1864, becoming friends with Paul Deussen and Carl von Gersdorff. He also found time to work on poems and musical compositions. Nietzsche led "Germania", a patriotic music and literature club, during his summers in Naumburg. At ''Schulpforta'', Nietzsche received an important grounding in languages—Greek, Latin, Hebrew, and French—so as to be able to read important primary sources; he also experienced for the first time being away from his family life in a small-town conservative environment.		Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, named after King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia, was born into, and largely remained within, the ''Bildungsbürgertum'', a sort of highly cultivated middleclass. By the time he was a teenager, he had been writing music and poetry. His aunt Rosalie gave him a biography of [[Alexander von Humboldt]] ([https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Humboldt,_Alexander_von de]) for his 15th birthday, and reading this inspired a love of learning "for its own sake". The schools he attended, the books he read, and his general milieu fostered and inculcated his interests in Bildung, or self-development. Nietzsche attended a boys' school and then a private school, where he became friends with Gustav Krug and Wilhelm Pinder, all three of whom came from highly respected families. Academic records from one of the schools attended by Nietzsche noted that he excelled in Christian theology. In 1854, he began to attend Dom-[[Gymnasium]] in Naumburg. Because his father had worked for the state (as a pastor) the now-fatherless Nietzsche was offered a scholarship to study at the internationally recognized ''Schulpforta''. He studied there from 1858 to 1864, becoming friends with Paul Deussen and Carl von Gersdorff. He also found time to work on poems and musical compositions. Nietzsche led "Germania", a patriotic music and literature club, during his summers in Naumburg. At ''Schulpforta'', Nietzsche received an important grounding in languages—Greek, Latin, Hebrew, and French—so as to be able to read important primary sources; he also experienced for the first time being away from his family life in a small-town conservative environment.

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	==References==		==References==
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	[[~~Category:1900 deaths~~]]		[[Categoryxxx]]
	[[Category:Nietzscheanism\| ]]		[[Category:Nietzscheanism\| ]]
	[[Category:Leipzig University alumni]]		[[Category:Leipzig University alumni]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: Text replacement - "Category:([0-9]*) births" to "Categoryxxx"

2024-02-06T11:43:10Z

Text replacement - "Category:([0-9]*) births" to "Categoryxxx"

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:43, 6 February 2024
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	[[~~Category:1844 births~~]]		[[Categoryxxx]]
	[[Category:1900 deaths]]		[[Category:1900 deaths]]
	[[Category:Nietzscheanism\| ]]		[[Category:Nietzscheanism\| ]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: 1 revision imported

2024-02-05T21:33:52Z

1 revision imported

← Older revision	Revision as of 12:33, 5 February 2024
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