House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Revision history

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	The current claimant to the title is Andreas, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Various other branches of the family have sat on European thrones, including in Portugal, Bulgaria and Belgium; the latter of which is still reigning today. Another branch inherited the claims of the ancient Hungarian noble family the House of Koháry.		The current claimant to the title is Andreas, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Various other branches of the family have sat on European thrones, including in Portugal, Bulgaria and Belgium; the latter of which is still reigning today. Another branch inherited the claims of the ancient Hungarian noble family the House of Koháry.
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{{Royal house|
|surname =House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
|coat of arms =[[Image:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha COA.png|140px]] Armorial of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
|country =[[Holy Roman Empire]], [[German Empire]]
| parent house = [[House of Wettin]]
|titles = <nowiki></nowiki>
*[[Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]
*[[Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
|founder =[[John Ernest IV, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]
|final ruler =
|current head =
|founding year =1675
|dissolution =
|nationality =[[Germanic|Germanic]] ([[House of Wettin#Background|see details]])
|cadet branches =<nowiki></nowiki>
*[[House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Braganza-Saxe-Coburg & Gotha]] (1837—1932)
*[[House of of Saxe-Coburg-Koháry|Saxe-Coburg-Koháry]] (1818—present)<ref>Since the death of [[Prince John Henry of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] in 2010, the Bulgarian line became the senior heir of the Saxe-Coburg-Koháry claims.</ref>
**[[House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha-Bulgaria|Bulgaria-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] (1887—present)
*[[House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha-Belgium|Belgium-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] (1831—present)
*[[House of Windsor]] (1840—present)
}}
The '''House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha''', known as the ''House of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld'' until 1826, is a royal and [[noble house]] founded in the 1675 by [[John Ernest IV, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]. They are cadets of the Ernestine branch of the ancient [[Wettin dynasty]], paternally [[Germanic]] in ancestry. In 1901, a line of the German House (itself a cadet branch of the German [[House of Wettin]]) succeeded the [[House of Hanover]] to the [[British monarchy]] with the accession of [[King Edward VII]], son of [[Queen Victoria]] and [[Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]].

In 1917, the name of the British royal house was changed from the German ''Saxe-Coburg and Gotha'' to the English ''Windsor'' because of [[anti-German sentiment]] in the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] during the [[First World War]]. There have been five British monarchs of the House of Windsor since then: [[George V]], [[Edward VIII]], [[George VI]], [[Elizabeth II]], and [[Charles III of the United Kingdom|Charles III]].

==History==
After the death of [[Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Ernest II]], the head descended form the offspring of [[Albert, Prince Consort]] and queen [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Victoria]]. Technically, genealogical seniority was held by the British Windsor monarchs from 1893—1952. But the Dukedom passed through the hands of king Edward VII's younger brothers instead. For the sake of brevity, this article focuses on the claimants to the Dukedom title.

Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha, a strict Lutheran magnate and vast landowner, broke-up his territories and divided them amongst his seven sons. The youngest of these was John Ernest IV, the founder of what was then known as Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. Some of his older brothers died without issue and he controversially claimed their territories also.

The dynasty improved its fortunes under Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, who was well-educated and a prolific collector of books and illustrations. The dynasty changed its name under Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1826. Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was a strong supporter of German unionism and [[Prussian]] hegemony. After his death the title passed to descendants of prince Albert and British monarch queen Victoria.

: ''On the death of Queen Victoria in 1901 the royal house took the Germanic surname of her consort Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. King Edward VII, who reigned until 1910, was to become the only sovereign of that dynasty to reign in Britain. The House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha descended in the male line from the Wettin family, German Prince-Electors of Saxony, the earliest traceable member of the House of Wettin was Thiedericus who died in 982, who was probably based in the Liesgau. Its earliest known ancestors pushed the frontier of Germany eastward into formerly Slav territory. They acquired their name from their castle on the bank of the Saale river. At the height of World War I, when German xenophobia had reached boiling point, Edward VII's son, King George V (1910- 1936) changed the family name to the more English sounding House of Windsor. Members of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha occupied the thrones of other European countries, including Belgium, Portugal and Bulgaria.''<ref>[https://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/saxe_coburg_gotha_5.html Saxe Coburg Gotha Kings and Queens]</ref>

===Abolishment===
The last reigning head was Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha before the monarchy in [[Germany]] was abolished in 1918, he later joined the [[NSDAP]], was president of the German Red Cross and ''Deutsch-Englische Gesellschaft''.

===Head of the house===
The current claimant to the title is Andreas, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Various other branches of the family have sat on European thrones, including in Portugal, Bulgaria and Belgium; the latter of which is still reigning today. Another branch inherited the claims of the ancient Hungarian noble family the House of Koháry.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:German nobility]]
[[Category:House of Wettin]]
[[Category:Noble houses of the Holy Roman Empire|Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
[[Category:Dynasties]]
[[Category:Germanic peoples]]
[[Category:German history]]
[[de:Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha]]