Knights of the Ku Klux Klan - Revision history

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	The '''National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan''' is a Klan faction that has been in existence since November 1963. In the sixties, the National Knights were in friendly competition with [[Robert Shelton's]] United Klans of America.<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/ReportOnTheKuKluxKlan Report on the Ku Klux Klan ]'' 1965 p.9</ref>		The '''National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan''' is a Klan faction that has been in existence since November 1963. In the sixties, the National Knights were in friendly competition with [[Robert Shelton's]] United Klans of America.<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/ReportOnTheKuKluxKlan Report on the Ku Klux Klan ]'' 1965 p.9</ref>
	=Foundation=		=Foundation=
	The National Knights were founded by [[James R. Venable]], a second generation Klansman whose family owned the property on Stone Mountain where the Second Era Ku Klux Klan was founded. Venable had been a member of a succession of Klans since 1927 by the late 1950s, when he had risen to the rank of [[Imperial Klonsel]] of the U.S. Klans. When that group began to be rent with factionalism in 1960, Venable joined the new United Klans of America, holding the Imperial Klonsel position there, as well as in the US Klans. On April 11, 1962, Venable founded the '''Defensive Legion of Registered Americans'''. July fourth of that year saw a joint rally of this organization with the UKA and the National White Americans Party at Stone Mountain. Originally chartered for 35 years, the organization seems to have lapsed sometime in 1964.<ref>Michael and Judy Ann Newton eds. The Ku Klux Klan; an encyclopedia Garland Reference Library of the Social Science Vol.499 London and New York; Garland Publishing inc. 1991 pp.158, 580-1</ref> Venable teamed up with [[Wally Butterworth]] to create a series of radio programs and phonograph records under the Defensive Legion label, as well as under the name '''Christian Voters and Buyers League'''. The radio program eventually left the Atlanta radio station WJUN, but the records remained popular in pro-White circles and were used as recruitment tools. One of the issues that the phonograph records tried to popularize was the kosher tax. Venable put up the money for the creation of these records himself.<ref>Foster p.9</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities ''[https://archive.org/details/activitiesofkukl05unit Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second<nowiki>]</nowiki> session]'' Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1966 pp.3584-6</ref>		The National Knights were founded by [[James R. Venable]], a second-generation Klansman whose family owned the property on Stone Mountain where the Second Era Ku Klux Klan was founded. Venable had been a member of a succession of Klans since 1927 by the late 1950s, when he had risen to the rank of [[Imperial Klonsel]] of the U.S. Klans. When that group began to be rent with factionalism in 1960, Venable joined the new United Klans of America, holding the Imperial Klonsel position there, as well as in the US Klans. On April 11, 1962, Venable founded the '''Defensive Legion of Registered Americans'''. July fourth of that year saw a joint rally of this organization with the UKA and the National White Americans Party at Stone Mountain. Originally chartered for 35 years, the organization seems to have lapsed sometime in 1964.<ref>Michael and Judy Ann Newton eds. The Ku Klux Klan; an encyclopedia Garland Reference Library of the Social Science Vol.499 London and New York; Garland Publishing inc. 1991 pp.158, 580-1</ref> Venable teamed up with [[Wally Butterworth]] to create a series of radio programs and phonograph records under the Defensive Legion label, as well as under the name '''Christian Voters and Buyers League'''. The radio program eventually left the Atlanta radio station WJUN, but the records remained popular in pro-White circles and were used as recruitment tools. One of the issues that the phonograph records tried to popularize was the kosher tax. Venable put up the money for the creation of these records himself.<ref>Foster p.9</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities ''[https://archive.org/details/activitiesofkukl05unit Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second<nowiki>]</nowiki> session]'' Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1966 pp.3584-6</ref>

	=History=		=History=

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External links

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	Of the member groups, Venable gave concise answers as to whether the Original Knights were a membership organization.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3577, 3599</ref> Venable described "membership" in the Association as the presence of delegates to one of the meetings, noting that not every group attended every meeting or sent the same delegates. Among the groups named as sending delegates to meetings were the Association of South Carolina Klans, Association of Georgia Klans, the U.S. Klans, the Improved Order of the U.S. Klans, the Dixie Klans ("several times...when it used to rotate over the various states"), the United Florida Ku Klux Klan (though Venable denied knowing the exact name of the Florida affiliate).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3576-7, 3599-3560</ref> Venable mentioned an Arkansas group belonging to the Association, but did not elaborate (the index indicates that the Association of Arkansas Klans was being referenced there). Elsewhere it is stated that the AAK was independent, and it doesn't appear on the National Associations organization chart.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.1542-5, 3576, index p.48</ref> Other sources state that the Arkansas group was part of the Association.<ref>Newton and Newton p.415</ref> Sources also vary regarding the [[Federated Ku Klux Klan, Inc.]] head by William Hugh Morris.<ref>Forster p. 10</ref>		Of the member groups, Venable gave concise answers as to whether the Original Knights were a membership organization.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3577, 3599</ref> Venable described "membership" in the Association as the presence of delegates to one of the meetings, noting that not every group attended every meeting or sent the same delegates. Among the groups named as sending delegates to meetings were the Association of South Carolina Klans, Association of Georgia Klans, the U.S. Klans, the Improved Order of the U.S. Klans, the Dixie Klans ("several times...when it used to rotate over the various states"), the United Florida Ku Klux Klan (though Venable denied knowing the exact name of the Florida affiliate).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3576-7, 3599-3560</ref> Venable mentioned an Arkansas group belonging to the Association, but did not elaborate (the index indicates that the Association of Arkansas Klans was being referenced there). Elsewhere it is stated that the AAK was independent, and it doesn't appear on the National Associations organization chart.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.1542-5, 3576, index p.48</ref> Other sources state that the Arkansas group was part of the Association.<ref>Newton and Newton p.415</ref> Sources also vary regarding the [[Federated Ku Klux Klan, Inc.]] head by William Hugh Morris.<ref>Forster p. 10</ref>

	==~~External links~~==		==Archived Testimony==
	Archive org Freedom of Information Act, National Knights KKK		Archive org Freedom of Information Act, National Knights KKK
	<div style="column-count:6">		<div style="column-count:6">

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	[[File:knightskkk.png\|thumb\|Flyer]]		[[File:knightskkk.png\|thumb\|Flyer]]
	'''{{short description\|Ku Klux Klan organization}}		'''{{short description\|Ku Klux Klan organization}}

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			[[File:knightskkk.png\|thumb\|Flyer]]
	'''{{short description\|Ku Klux Klan organization}}		'''{{short description\|Ku Klux Klan organization}}
	The '''National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan''' is a Klan faction that has been in existence since November 1963. In the sixties, the National Knights were in friendly competition with [[Robert Shelton's]] United Klans of America.<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/ReportOnTheKuKluxKlan Report on the Ku Klux Klan ]'' 1965 p.9</ref>		The '''National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan''' is a Klan faction that has been in existence since November 1963. In the sixties, the National Knights were in friendly competition with [[Robert Shelton's]] United Klans of America.<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/ReportOnTheKuKluxKlan Report on the Ku Klux Klan ]'' 1965 p.9</ref>
	~~[[File:knightskkk.png\|thumb\|Flyer]]~~		=Foundation=
	The National Knights were founded by [[James R. Venable]], a second generation Klansman whose family owned the property on Stone Mountain where the Second Era Ku Klux Klan was founded. Venable had been a member of a succession of Klans since 1927 by the late 1950s, when he had risen to the rank of [[Imperial Klonsel]] of the U.S. Klans. When that group began to be rent with factionalism in 1960, Venable joined the new United Klans of America, holding the Imperial Klonsel position there, as well as in the US Klans. On April 11, 1962, Venable founded the '''Defensive Legion of Registered Americans'''. July fourth of that year saw a joint rally of this organization with the UKA and the National White Americans Party at Stone Mountain. Originally chartered for 35 years, the organization seems to have lapsed sometime in 1964.<ref>Michael and Judy Ann Newton eds. The Ku Klux Klan; an encyclopedia Garland Reference Library of the Social Science Vol.499 London and New York; Garland Publishing inc. 1991 pp.158, 580-1</ref> Venable teamed up with [[Wally Butterworth]] to create a series of radio programs and phonograph records under the Defensive Legion label, as well as under the name '''Christian Voters and Buyers League'''. The radio program eventually left the Atlanta radio station WJUN, but the records remained popular in pro-White circles and were used as recruitment tools. One of the issues that the phonograph records tried to popularize was the kosher tax. Venable put up the money for the creation of these records himself.<ref>Foster p.9</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities ''[https://archive.org/details/activitiesofkukl05unit Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second<nowiki>]</nowiki> session]'' Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1966 pp.3584-6</ref>		The National Knights were founded by [[James R. Venable]], a second generation Klansman whose family owned the property on Stone Mountain where the Second Era Ku Klux Klan was founded. Venable had been a member of a succession of Klans since 1927 by the late 1950s, when he had risen to the rank of [[Imperial Klonsel]] of the U.S. Klans. When that group began to be rent with factionalism in 1960, Venable joined the new United Klans of America, holding the Imperial Klonsel position there, as well as in the US Klans. On April 11, 1962, Venable founded the '''Defensive Legion of Registered Americans'''. July fourth of that year saw a joint rally of this organization with the UKA and the National White Americans Party at Stone Mountain. Originally chartered for 35 years, the organization seems to have lapsed sometime in 1964.<ref>Michael and Judy Ann Newton eds. The Ku Klux Klan; an encyclopedia Garland Reference Library of the Social Science Vol.499 London and New York; Garland Publishing inc. 1991 pp.158, 580-1</ref> Venable teamed up with [[Wally Butterworth]] to create a series of radio programs and phonograph records under the Defensive Legion label, as well as under the name '''Christian Voters and Buyers League'''. The radio program eventually left the Atlanta radio station WJUN, but the records remained popular in pro-White circles and were used as recruitment tools. One of the issues that the phonograph records tried to popularize was the kosher tax. Venable put up the money for the creation of these records himself.<ref>Foster p.9</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities ''[https://archive.org/details/activitiesofkukl05unit Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second<nowiki>]</nowiki> session]'' Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1966 pp.3584-6</ref>

Bacchus at 21:54, 27 November 2022

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	'''{{short description\|Ku Klux Klan organization}}		'''{{short description\|Ku Klux Klan organization}}
	The '''National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan''' is a Klan faction that has been in existence since November 1963. In the sixties, the National Knights were in friendly competition with [[Robert Shelton's]] United Klans of America.<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/ReportOnTheKuKluxKlan Report on the Ku Klux Klan ]'' 1965 p.9</ref>		The '''National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan''' is a Klan faction that has been in existence since November 1963. In the sixties, the National Knights were in friendly competition with [[Robert Shelton's]] United Klans of America.<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/ReportOnTheKuKluxKlan Report on the Ku Klux Klan ]'' 1965 p.9</ref>
	[[File:knightskkk.~~p g~~\|thumb\|Flyer]]		[[File:knightskkk.png\|thumb\|Flyer]]
	The National Knights were founded by [[James R. Venable]], a second generation Klansman whose family owned the property on Stone Mountain where the Second Era Ku Klux Klan was founded. Venable had been a member of a succession of Klans since 1927 by the late 1950s, when he had risen to the rank of [[Imperial Klonsel]] of the U.S. Klans. When that group began to be rent with factionalism in 1960, Venable joined the new United Klans of America, holding the Imperial Klonsel position there, as well as in the US Klans. On April 11, 1962, Venable founded the '''Defensive Legion of Registered Americans'''. July fourth of that year saw a joint rally of this organization with the UKA and the National White Americans Party at Stone Mountain. Originally chartered for 35 years, the organization seems to have lapsed sometime in 1964.<ref>Michael and Judy Ann Newton eds. The Ku Klux Klan; an encyclopedia Garland Reference Library of the Social Science Vol.499 London and New York; Garland Publishing inc. 1991 pp.158, 580-1</ref> Venable teamed up with [[Wally Butterworth]] to create a series of radio programs and phonograph records under the Defensive Legion label, as well as under the name '''Christian Voters and Buyers League'''. The radio program eventually left the Atlanta radio station WJUN, but the records remained popular in pro-White circles and were used as recruitment tools. One of the issues that the phonograph records tried to popularize was the kosher tax. Venable put up the money for the creation of these records himself.<ref>Foster p.9</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities ''[https://archive.org/details/activitiesofkukl05unit Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second<nowiki>]</nowiki> session]'' Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1966 pp.3584-6</ref>		The National Knights were founded by [[James R. Venable]], a second generation Klansman whose family owned the property on Stone Mountain where the Second Era Ku Klux Klan was founded. Venable had been a member of a succession of Klans since 1927 by the late 1950s, when he had risen to the rank of [[Imperial Klonsel]] of the U.S. Klans. When that group began to be rent with factionalism in 1960, Venable joined the new United Klans of America, holding the Imperial Klonsel position there, as well as in the US Klans. On April 11, 1962, Venable founded the '''Defensive Legion of Registered Americans'''. July fourth of that year saw a joint rally of this organization with the UKA and the National White Americans Party at Stone Mountain. Originally chartered for 35 years, the organization seems to have lapsed sometime in 1964.<ref>Michael and Judy Ann Newton eds. The Ku Klux Klan; an encyclopedia Garland Reference Library of the Social Science Vol.499 London and New York; Garland Publishing inc. 1991 pp.158, 580-1</ref> Venable teamed up with [[Wally Butterworth]] to create a series of radio programs and phonograph records under the Defensive Legion label, as well as under the name '''Christian Voters and Buyers League'''. The radio program eventually left the Atlanta radio station WJUN, but the records remained popular in pro-White circles and were used as recruitment tools. One of the issues that the phonograph records tried to popularize was the kosher tax. Venable put up the money for the creation of these records himself.<ref>Foster p.9</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities ''[https://archive.org/details/activitiesofkukl05unit Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second<nowiki>]</nowiki> session]'' Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1966 pp.3584-6</ref>

Bacchus at 21:53, 27 November 2022

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	'''{{short description\|Ku Klux Klan organization}}		'''{{short description\|Ku Klux Klan organization}}
	The '''National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan''' is a Klan faction that has been in existence since November 1963. In the sixties, the National Knights were in friendly competition with [[Robert Shelton's]] United Klans of America.<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/ReportOnTheKuKluxKlan Report on the Ku Klux Klan ]'' 1965 p.9</ref>		The '''National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan''' is a Klan faction that has been in existence since November 1963. In the sixties, the National Knights were in friendly competition with [[Robert Shelton's]] United Klans of America.<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/ReportOnTheKuKluxKlan Report on the Ku Klux Klan ]'' 1965 p.9</ref>
			[[File:knightskkk.p g\|thumb\|Flyer]]
	The National Knights were founded by [[James R. Venable]], a second generation Klansman whose family owned the property on Stone Mountain where the Second Era Ku Klux Klan was founded. Venable had been a member of a succession of Klans since 1927 by the late 1950s, when he had risen to the rank of [[Imperial Klonsel]] of the U.S. Klans. When that group began to be rent with factionalism in 1960, Venable joined the new United Klans of America, holding the Imperial Klonsel position there, as well as in the US Klans. On April 11, 1962, Venable founded the '''Defensive Legion of Registered Americans'''. July fourth of that year saw a joint rally of this organization with the UKA and the National White Americans Party at Stone Mountain. Originally chartered for 35 years, the organization seems to have lapsed sometime in 1964.<ref>Michael and Judy Ann Newton eds. The Ku Klux Klan; an encyclopedia Garland Reference Library of the Social Science Vol.499 London and New York; Garland Publishing inc. 1991 pp.158, 580-1</ref> Venable teamed up with [[Wally Butterworth]] to create a series of radio programs and phonograph records under the Defensive Legion label, as well as under the name '''Christian Voters and Buyers League'''. The radio program eventually left the Atlanta radio station WJUN, but the records remained popular in pro-White circles and were used as recruitment tools. One of the issues that the phonograph records tried to popularize was the kosher tax. Venable put up the money for the creation of these records himself.<ref>Foster p.9</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities ''[https://archive.org/details/activitiesofkukl05unit Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second<nowiki>]</nowiki> session]'' Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1966 pp.3584-6</ref>		The National Knights were founded by [[James R. Venable]], a second generation Klansman whose family owned the property on Stone Mountain where the Second Era Ku Klux Klan was founded. Venable had been a member of a succession of Klans since 1927 by the late 1950s, when he had risen to the rank of [[Imperial Klonsel]] of the U.S. Klans. When that group began to be rent with factionalism in 1960, Venable joined the new United Klans of America, holding the Imperial Klonsel position there, as well as in the US Klans. On April 11, 1962, Venable founded the '''Defensive Legion of Registered Americans'''. July fourth of that year saw a joint rally of this organization with the UKA and the National White Americans Party at Stone Mountain. Originally chartered for 35 years, the organization seems to have lapsed sometime in 1964.<ref>Michael and Judy Ann Newton eds. The Ku Klux Klan; an encyclopedia Garland Reference Library of the Social Science Vol.499 London and New York; Garland Publishing inc. 1991 pp.158, 580-1</ref> Venable teamed up with [[Wally Butterworth]] to create a series of radio programs and phonograph records under the Defensive Legion label, as well as under the name '''Christian Voters and Buyers League'''. The radio program eventually left the Atlanta radio station WJUN, but the records remained popular in pro-White circles and were used as recruitment tools. One of the issues that the phonograph records tried to popularize was the kosher tax. Venable put up the money for the creation of these records himself.<ref>Foster p.9</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities ''[https://archive.org/details/activitiesofkukl05unit Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second<nowiki>]</nowiki> session]'' Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off. 1966 pp.3584-6</ref>

			=History=
	Venable chartered the National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc. with the Secretary of State of Georgia on Nov. 1, 1963. The other incorporators were [[Wally Butterworth]], also of Stone Mountain, Georgia, [[William Hugh Morris]] of Buchanan, Georgia and [[H.G.Hill]] of Atlanta.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' p.3581</ref>		Venable chartered the National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc. with the Secretary of State of Georgia on Nov. 1, 1963. The other incorporators were [[Wally Butterworth]], also of Stone Mountain, Georgia, [[William Hugh Morris]] of Buchanan, Georgia and [[H.G.Hill]] of Atlanta.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' p.3581</ref>

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	According to Venables testimony before the House Un-American Activities Committee, the "National Association" or "Federation" of Ku Klux Klans existed basically as an informal meeting of KKK groups that began in either 1957 or 1958 while he was a member of the American Klans. In the early years the chairmanship of the Association would alternate, with a Klansmen from the host state elected as chairmen. In 1963, Venable stated he had been elected "temporary chairman" for three one-year terms.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3575-6</ref> In Sept. of 1964 the National Association held an election. Aside from Venable, who was reelected chairman, the following officers were elected: P.L. Morgan of the [[Original Knights of the Ku Klux Klan]] klaliff (vice-president); I.T. "Ted" Shearouse of the [[Association of Georgia Klans]] was elected kligrapp (secretary); Charles Maddox, also of the AGK, as klokard, H.G. Hill as Kludd (chaplain); Walter Rogers of the [[United Florida Ku Klux Klan]] as kladd; Flynn Harvey, of the Ohio Realm of the National Knights, klexter; [[Robert Hodges]] of the [[Association of South Carolina Klans]] as nighthawk; subsequent to the meeting, Murray H. Martin, of the Original Knights was elected Head of the Klokann. In his HUAC testimony Venable affirmed that each of these was a delegate from their respective Klans at the meeting, but could not confirm their positions as officers, other than himself and Shearouse (though he did not say what group Morgan and Martin belonged to).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp. 3597-9</ref>		According to Venables testimony before the House Un-American Activities Committee, the "National Association" or "Federation" of Ku Klux Klans existed basically as an informal meeting of KKK groups that began in either 1957 or 1958 while he was a member of the American Klans. In the early years the chairmanship of the Association would alternate, with a Klansmen from the host state elected as chairmen. In 1963, Venable stated he had been elected "temporary chairman" for three one-year terms.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3575-6</ref> In Sept. of 1964 the National Association held an election. Aside from Venable, who was reelected chairman, the following officers were elected: P.L. Morgan of the [[Original Knights of the Ku Klux Klan]] klaliff (vice-president); I.T. "Ted" Shearouse of the [[Association of Georgia Klans]] was elected kligrapp (secretary); Charles Maddox, also of the AGK, as klokard, H.G. Hill as Kludd (chaplain); Walter Rogers of the [[United Florida Ku Klux Klan]] as kladd; Flynn Harvey, of the Ohio Realm of the National Knights, klexter; [[Robert Hodges]] of the [[Association of South Carolina Klans]] as nighthawk; subsequent to the meeting, Murray H. Martin, of the Original Knights was elected Head of the Klokann. In his HUAC testimony Venable affirmed that each of these was a delegate from their respective Klans at the meeting, but could not confirm their positions as officers, other than himself and Shearouse (though he did not say what group Morgan and Martin belonged to).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp. 3597-9</ref>

			=Testimony=
	Of the member groups, Venable gave concise answers as to whether the Original Knights were a membership organization.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3577, 3599</ref> Venable described "membership" in the Association as the presence of delegates to one of the meetings, noting that not every group attended every meeting or sent the same delegates. Among the groups named as sending delegates to meetings were the Association of South Carolina Klans, Association of Georgia Klans, the U.S. Klans, the Improved Order of the U.S. Klans, the Dixie Klans ("several times...when it used to rotate over the various states"), the United Florida Ku Klux Klan (though Venable denied knowing the exact name of the Florida affiliate).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3576-7, 3599-3560</ref> Venable mentioned an Arkansas group belonging to the Association, but did not elaborate (the index indicates that the Association of Arkansas Klans was being referenced there). Elsewhere it is stated that the AAK was independent, and it doesn't appear on the National Associations organization chart.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.1542-5, 3576, index p.48</ref> Other sources state that the Arkansas group was part of the Association.<ref>Newton and Newton p.415</ref> Sources also vary regarding the [[Federated Ku Klux Klan, Inc.]] head by William Hugh Morris.<ref>Forster p. 10</ref>		Of the member groups, Venable gave concise answers as to whether the Original Knights were a membership organization.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3577, 3599</ref> Venable described "membership" in the Association as the presence of delegates to one of the meetings, noting that not every group attended every meeting or sent the same delegates. Among the groups named as sending delegates to meetings were the Association of South Carolina Klans, Association of Georgia Klans, the U.S. Klans, the Improved Order of the U.S. Klans, the Dixie Klans ("several times...when it used to rotate over the various states"), the United Florida Ku Klux Klan (though Venable denied knowing the exact name of the Florida affiliate).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3576-7, 3599-3560</ref> Venable mentioned an Arkansas group belonging to the Association, but did not elaborate (the index indicates that the Association of Arkansas Klans was being referenced there). Elsewhere it is stated that the AAK was independent, and it doesn't appear on the National Associations organization chart.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.1542-5, 3576, index p.48</ref> Other sources state that the Arkansas group was part of the Association.<ref>Newton and Newton p.415</ref> Sources also vary regarding the [[Federated Ku Klux Klan, Inc.]] head by William Hugh Morris.<ref>Forster p. 10</ref>

Bacchus: /* National Association of Ku Klux Klans */

2022-11-27T21:46:14Z

National Association of Ku Klux Klans

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	According to Venables testimony before the House Un-American Activities Committee, the "National Association" or "Federation" of Ku Klux Klans existed basically as an informal meeting of KKK groups that began in either 1957 or 1958 while he was a member of the American Klans. In the early years the chairmanship of the Association would alternate, with a Klansmen from the host state elected as chairmen. In 1963, Venable stated he had been elected "temporary chairman" for three one-year terms.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3575-6</ref> In Sept. of 1964 the National Association held an election. Aside from Venable, who was reelected chairman, the following officers were elected: P.L. Morgan of the [[Original Knights of the Ku Klux Klan]] klaliff (vice-president); I.T. "Ted" Shearouse of the [[Association of Georgia Klans]] was elected kligrapp (secretary); Charles Maddox, also of the AGK, as klokard, H.G. Hill as Kludd (chaplain); Walter Rogers of the [[United Florida Ku Klux Klan]] as kladd; Flynn Harvey, of the Ohio Realm of the National Knights, klexter; [[Robert Hodges]] of the [[Association of South Carolina Klans]] as nighthawk; subsequent to the meeting, Murray H. Martin, of the Original Knights was elected Head of the Klokann. In his HUAC testimony Venable affirmed that each of these was a delegate from their respective Klans at the meeting, but could not confirm their positions as officers, other than himself and Shearouse (though he did not say what group Morgan and Martin belonged to).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp. 3597-9</ref>		According to Venables testimony before the House Un-American Activities Committee, the "National Association" or "Federation" of Ku Klux Klans existed basically as an informal meeting of KKK groups that began in either 1957 or 1958 while he was a member of the American Klans. In the early years the chairmanship of the Association would alternate, with a Klansmen from the host state elected as chairmen. In 1963, Venable stated he had been elected "temporary chairman" for three one-year terms.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3575-6</ref> In Sept. of 1964 the National Association held an election. Aside from Venable, who was reelected chairman, the following officers were elected: P.L. Morgan of the [[Original Knights of the Ku Klux Klan]] klaliff (vice-president); I.T. "Ted" Shearouse of the [[Association of Georgia Klans]] was elected kligrapp (secretary); Charles Maddox, also of the AGK, as klokard, H.G. Hill as Kludd (chaplain); Walter Rogers of the [[United Florida Ku Klux Klan]] as kladd; Flynn Harvey, of the Ohio Realm of the National Knights, klexter; [[Robert Hodges]] of the [[Association of South Carolina Klans]] as nighthawk; subsequent to the meeting, Murray H. Martin, of the Original Knights was elected Head of the Klokann. In his HUAC testimony Venable affirmed that each of these was a delegate from their respective Klans at the meeting, but could not confirm their positions as officers, other than himself and Shearouse (though he did not say what group Morgan and Martin belonged to).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp. 3597-9</ref>

	Of the member groups, Venable gave concise answers as to whether the Original Knights were a membership organization.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3577, 3599</ref> Venable described "membership" in the Association as the presence of delegates to one of the meetings, noting that not every group attended every meeting or sent the same delegates. Among the groups named as sending delegates to meetings were the Association of South Carolina Klans, Association of Georgia Klans, the U.S. Klans, the Improved Order of the U.S. Klans, the Dixie Klans ("several times...when it used to rotate over the various states"), the United Florida Ku Klux Klan (though Venable denied knowing the exact name of the Florida affiliate).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3576-7, 3599-3560</ref> Venable mentioned an Arkansas group belonging to the Association, but did not elaborate (the index indicates that the Association of Arkansas Klans was being referenced there). Elsewhere it is stated that the AAK was independent, and it doesn't appear on the National Associations organization chart.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.1542-5, 3576, index p.48</ref> Other sources state that the Arkansas group was part of the Association.<ref>Newton and Newton p.415</ref> Sources also vary regarding the [[Federated Ku Klux Klan, Inc.]] head by William Hugh Morris.<ref>Forster ~~and~~ p. 10</ref>		Of the member groups, Venable gave concise answers as to whether the Original Knights were a membership organization.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3577, 3599</ref> Venable described "membership" in the Association as the presence of delegates to one of the meetings, noting that not every group attended every meeting or sent the same delegates. Among the groups named as sending delegates to meetings were the Association of South Carolina Klans, Association of Georgia Klans, the U.S. Klans, the Improved Order of the U.S. Klans, the Dixie Klans ("several times...when it used to rotate over the various states"), the United Florida Ku Klux Klan (though Venable denied knowing the exact name of the Florida affiliate).<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.3576-7, 3599-3560</ref> Venable mentioned an Arkansas group belonging to the Association, but did not elaborate (the index indicates that the Association of Arkansas Klans was being referenced there). Elsewhere it is stated that the AAK was independent, and it doesn't appear on the National Associations organization chart.<ref>''Activities of Ku Klux Klan'' pp.1542-5, 3576, index p.48</ref> Other sources state that the Arkansas group was part of the Association.<ref>Newton and Newton p.415</ref> Sources also vary regarding the [[Federated Ku Klux Klan, Inc.]] head by William Hugh Morris.<ref>Forster p. 10</ref>

	==External links==		==External links==

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External links

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	==External links==		==External links==
	<div style="column-count:5">		Archive org Freedom of Information Act, National Knights KKK
			<div style="column-count:6">
	*[https://archive.org/details/foia_National_Knights_KKK-1 Part 1]		*[https://archive.org/details/foia_National_Knights_KKK-1 Part 1]
	*[https://archive.org/details/foia_National_Knights_KKK-2 Part 2]		*[https://archive.org/details/foia_National_Knights_KKK-2 Part 2]

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	*[https://archive.org/details/foia_National_Knights_KKK-31 Part 31]		*[https://archive.org/details/foia_National_Knights_KKK-31 Part 31]
	*[https://archive.org/details/foia_National_Knights_KKK-32 Part 32]		*[https://archive.org/details/foia_National_Knights_KKK-32 Part 32]
	<div>		</div>

	=References=		=References=