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𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹 https://fascipedia.org/index.php?title=Political_freedom&diff=32329&oldid=prev 2023-09-18T15:18:06Z

<p></p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>'''Political freedom''' refers to the effects of various restrictions on the use of [[political]] power, notably by the government, possibly also by other entities having official or unofficial political power.<br /> <br /> There is often a tendency to divide countries into only two classes, &quot;free&quot; and &quot;non-free&quot; countries. However, unless being in a utopian anarchy, governments always imposes various restrictions on the citizens and non-citizens in their controlled territories, although the extents and forms varies.<br /> <br /> == Liberty and Ancient Rome ==<br /> '''Liberty''' is a related word. The word derives from the Latin &quot;liber&quot; meaning &quot;free&quot;, &quot;non-slave&quot;, related to the Greek &quot;eleutheria&quot;. In [[Ancient Rome]], &quot;libertas&quot; was a characteristic or right of Roman citizens, which did not extend to other groups, such as [[slaves]] and foreign non-citizens. Even for Roman citizens in the Roman Republic, this did not include equal political rights, with, for example, certain political rights being explicitly based on the wealth of a citizen.<br /> <br /> == Universal human rights ==<br /> The concept of universal [[human rights]], extending even to non-citizens, is recent and associated with the European [[Enlightenment]]. <br /> <br /> == Motivations and long-term effects ==<br /> The stated motivations for various restrictions on political powers vary. Overtly or covertly, perceived [[utilitarian]] motivations, increasing the general average happiness of the whole population, may be common, although what is perceived to increase short-term average happiness is not necessarily what actually increases long-term average happiness. In some cases, restrictions may be seen as being in the self-interest of particular groups, with the interests of the general population seen as unimportant or less important. Some restrictions may be claimed to be based on &quot;self-evident&quot; rights, others to be based on rights of divine origin. <br /> <br /> In some cases, restrictions on political powers may cause societies to be more successful, such as restrictions increasing freedom of speech regarding [[science]] and [[corruption]] by those having political and not political power and influence. In other cases, restrictions may possibly cause negative societal effects, such as regarding [[dysgenics]].<br /> <br /> == Politically correct censorship and double standards ==<br /> Even in countries having certain restrictions on, for example, [[censorship]] by the government, and stated equal treatment for all groups, there may be various forms of censorship and [[double standards]] regarding the treatment of different groups. See for example the articles on [[The Alt-Right and censorship]], [[Affirmative action]], and [[Double standard]].<br /> <br /> ==External links== <br /> === Encyclopedias ===<br /> *[https://www.britannica.com/topic/liberty-human-rights Encyclopedia Britannica: Liberty]<br /> *[https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/l2/liberty.html Encyclopedia Britannica 1911 Edition: Liberty]<br /> *[https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences-and-law/sociology-and-social-reform/sociology-general-terms-and-concepts/liberty Encyclopedia.com: Liberty]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Politics]]<br /> [[Category:Philosophy]]<br /> <br /> [[es:Libertad]]</div>

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