Rosa Luxemburg - Revision history

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	[[File:Rosa Luxemburg 1.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Rosa Luxemburg]]		[[File:Rosa Luxemburg 1.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Rosa Luxemburg]]
	'''Rosa Luxemburg''' (b. 5 March 1871 in Zamość, [[Poland]]; d. 15 January 1919 in [[Berlin]], [[Germany]]) was a [[Poland\|Polish]] [[~~Jewish~~]] [[communist]] revolutionary, propagandist and ideologue. In the initial phase of her activities, she was associated with, and became the most famous member of, the The Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (Polish: Socjaldemokracja Królestwa Polskiego i Litwy, SDKPiL), a [[Marxist]] political party founded in 1893 which later merged into the Communist Workers Party of Poland along with the [[Warsaw]] ~~Jewish~~ Bund (or League)<ref>Jaxa-Ronikier, Count B., ''The Red Executioner Dzierjinski'', London, 1935, p.85.</ref> before she moved to Germany to operate against the German people initially within the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]].		'''Rosa Luxemburg''' (b. 5 March 1871 in Zamość, [[Poland]]; d. 15 January 1919 in [[Berlin]], [[Germany]]) was a [[Poland\|Polish]] [[jewish]] [[communist]] revolutionary, propagandist and ideologue. In the initial phase of her activities, she was associated with, and became the most famous member of, the The Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (Polish: Socjaldemokracja Królestwa Polskiego i Litwy, SDKPiL), a [[Marxist]] political party founded in 1893 which later merged into the Communist Workers Party of Poland along with the [[Warsaw]] jewish Bund (or League)<ref>Jaxa-Ronikier, Count B., ''The Red Executioner Dzierjinski'', London, 1935, p.85.</ref> before she moved to Germany to operate against the German people initially within the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]].

	==Life==		==Life==
	Róża Luksemburg, actual birth name Rozalia Luksenburg, was the fifth and youngest child of Polish ~~Jews~~ Edward Eliasz Luxemburg and Lina Löwenstein.		Róża Luksemburg, actual birth name Rozalia Luksenburg, was the fifth and youngest child of Polish jews Edward Eliasz Luxemburg and Lina Löwenstein.

	In 1902 she met with the notorious Polish communist, [[Felix Dzerzhinski]], while he was in [[Berlin]].<ref>Jaxa-Ronikier, 1935, p.85.</ref> With him, who suggested the title, she founded ''The Red Standard'' journal, initially published in [[Krakow]], [[Poland]]. After the Marxist [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]] (SPD) took the decision to support Germany during [[World War I]], she co-founded, with [[Karl Liebknecht]], the subversive [[Spartacist League]] (German: ''Spartakusbund'') which later became the [[Communist Party of Germany]]. The Spartacist League plotted to usurp the State and enslave the German people under a [[Communist]] dictatorship. In addition to undermining the war effort, they were finally involved in a violent revolution against the fledgling German SPD government in January 1919.		In 1902 she met with the notorious Polish communist, [[Felix Dzerzhinski]], while he was in [[Berlin]].<ref>Jaxa-Ronikier, 1935, p.85.</ref> With him, who suggested the title, she founded ''The Red Standard'' journal, initially published in [[Krakow]], [[Poland]]. After the Marxist [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]] (SPD) took the decision to support Germany during [[World War I]], she co-founded, with [[Karl Liebknecht]], the subversive [[Spartacist League]] (German: ''Spartakusbund'') which later became the [[Communist Party of Germany]]. The Spartacist League plotted to usurp the State and enslave the German people under a [[Communist]] dictatorship. In addition to undermining the war effort, they were finally involved in a violent revolution against the fledgling German SPD government in January 1919.
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	[[Category:Communist ~~Jews~~]]		[[Category:Communist jews]]
	[[Category:Radical feminist ~~Jews~~]]		[[Category:Radical feminist jews]]

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en>Matt58 at 15:26, 22 July 2023

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[[File:Rosa Luxemburg 1.jpg|thumb|250px|Rosa Luxemburg]]
'''Rosa Luxemburg''' (b. 5 March 1871 in Zamość, [[Poland]]; d. 15 January 1919 in [[Berlin]], [[Germany]]) was a [[Poland|Polish]] [[Jewish]] [[communist]] revolutionary, propagandist and ideologue. In the initial phase of her activities, she was associated with, and became the most famous member of, the The Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (Polish: Socjaldemokracja Królestwa Polskiego i Litwy, SDKPiL), a [[Marxist]] political party founded in 1893 which later merged into the Communist Workers Party of Poland along with the [[Warsaw]] Jewish Bund (or League)<ref>Jaxa-Ronikier, Count B., ''The Red Executioner Dzierjinski'', London, 1935, p.85.</ref> before she moved to Germany to operate against the German people initially within the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]].

==Life==
Róża Luksemburg, actual birth name Rozalia Luksenburg, was the fifth and youngest child of Polish Jews Edward Eliasz Luxemburg and Lina Löwenstein.

In 1902 she met with the notorious Polish communist, [[Felix Dzerzhinski]], while he was in [[Berlin]].<ref>Jaxa-Ronikier, 1935, p.85.</ref> With him, who suggested the title, she founded ''The Red Standard'' journal, initially published in [[Krakow]], [[Poland]]. After the Marxist [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]] (SPD) took the decision to support Germany during [[World War I]], she co-founded, with [[Karl Liebknecht]], the subversive [[Spartacist League]] (German: ''Spartakusbund'') which later became the [[Communist Party of Germany]]. The Spartacist League plotted to usurp the State and enslave the German people under a [[Communist]] dictatorship. In addition to undermining the war effort, they were finally involved in a violent revolution against the fledgling German SPD government in January 1919.

In response to the uprising, German Chancellor and SPD leader [[Friedrich Ebert]] ordered the ''[[Freikorps]]'' to destroy the communist revolution, which by January 11th was crushed. Luxemburg's ''Red Flag'' newspaper falsely claimed that the rebellion was spreading across Germany. The uprising was small-scale, had limited support and consisted of the occupation of a few newspaper buildings and the construction of street barricades. Luxemburg and Liebknecht were captured in Berlin on January 15th by the Rifle Division of the Cavalry Guards of the ''Freikorps'' (''Garde-Kavallerie-Schützendivision'').<ref name="Der Spiegel">{{cite news|title=Revolutionary Find: Berlin Hospital May Have Found Rosa Luxemburg's Corpse|last=Thadeusz|first=Frank|magazine=Der Spiegel|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/revolutionary-find-berlin-hospital-may-have-found-rosa-luxemburg-s-corpse-a-627626.html|date=29 May 2009|accessdate=30 November 2014}}</ref> Its commander, Captain Waldemar Pabst, with Lieutenant Horst von Pflugk-Harttung, questioned them under torture and then gave the order to summarily execute them. Luxemburg was knocked down with a rifle butt by the soldier Otto Runge, then shot in the head, either by Lieutenant Kurt Vogel or by Lieutenant Hermann Souchon. Her body was then flung into Berlin's Landwehr Canal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rosa Luxemburg Murder Case Reopened|last=Wroe|first=David|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/6840393/Rosa-Luxemburg-murder-case-reopened.html|date=18 December 2009|accessdate=30 November 2014}}</ref> Liebknecht was shot in Berlin's Tiergarten and his body, without a name, deposited in a city morgue. Hundreds of communist revolutionaries were also captured, then executed.

==References==
{{refs}}

==External links==
*[https://www.theoccidentalobserver.net/2017/01/12/the-face-of-revolution-reflections-on-red-rosa/ The Face of Revolution: Reflections on Red Rosa]

[[Category:Communists]]
[[Category:Communists in Poland]]
[[Category:Communists in Germany]]
[[Category:Communist Jews]]
[[Category:Radical feminist Jews]]
[[Category:Jews in Poland]]
[[Category:Jews in Germany]]
[[Category:Jews in politics]]
[[Category:1870 births]]
[[Category:1919 deaths]]

[[de:Luxemburg, Rosa]]
[[es:Rosa Luxemburgo]]
[[pt:Rosa Luxemburgo]]
[[ro:Rosa Luxemburg]]