Swastika - Revision history

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹 at 21:04, 3 May 2025

2025-05-03T21:04:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:04, 3 May 2025
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	[[File:Four-swastika collage (transparent).png\|thumb\|200px\|The swastika is a symbol with many styles and meanings and can be found in many cultures.]]		[[File:Four-swastika collage (transparent).png\|thumb\|200px\|The swastika is a symbol with many styles and meanings and can be found in many cultures. \|In Hinduism, the right-facing symbol or clockwise ('''卐''') is called swastika, symbolizing surya ("sun"), prosperity and good luck, while the left-facing symbol or counter-clockwise ('''卍''') is called sauwastika, symbolising night or tantric aspects of Kali.]]
	[[File:Flag of Germany (1935–1945) square version.png\|thumb\|200px\|The glorification of the swastika by the [[National Socialist]]s and is the most recognizable modern use of the symbol on Earth.]]		[[File:Flag of Germany (1935–1945) square version.png\|thumb\|200px\|The glorification of the swastika by the [[National Socialist]]s and is the most recognizable modern use of the symbol on Earth.]]

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	== History ==		== History ==
	~~[[File:Hakenkreuz-Lehrwandtafel von Wilhelm Scheuermann, 1933.png\|right\|260px]]~~
	~~[[File:Swastika2.png\|right\|260px]]~~
	~~[[File:Badge Sieg Heil.png\|thumb\|250px\|Badge ''[[Sieg Heil]]'' with swastika]]~~
	The swastika has an extensive history. In the ancient Indian language of [[Sanskrit]] (an [[Indo-European]] language), swastika means "well-being". The symbol has been used in India for millennia. Early Western travelers to Asia were inspired by its positive and ancient associations and started using it back home. By the beginning of the 20th Century the swastika was widely used as a benign good luck symbol. It was even used by some American and British military units before WWII.<ref name=campion/>		The swastika has an extensive history. In the ancient Indian language of [[Sanskrit]] (an [[Indo-European]] language), swastika means "well-being". The symbol has been used in India for millennia. Early Western travelers to Asia were inspired by its positive and ancient associations and started using it back home. By the beginning of the 20th Century the swastika was widely used as a benign good luck symbol. It was even used by some American and British military units before WWII.<ref name=campion/>

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹 at 21:03, 3 May 2025

2025-05-03T21:03:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:03, 3 May 2025
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	== History ==		== History ==
	[[File:Four-swastika collage (transparent).png\|thumb\|250px\|In Hinduism, the right-facing symbol or clockwise ('''卐''') is called swastika, symbolizing surya ("sun"), prosperity and good luck, while the left-facing symbol or counter-clockwise ('''卍''') is called sauwastika, symbolising night or tantric aspects of Kali.]]
	[[File:Hakenkreuz-Lehrwandtafel von Wilhelm Scheuermann, 1933.png\|right\|260px]]		[[File:Hakenkreuz-Lehrwandtafel von Wilhelm Scheuermann, 1933.png\|right\|260px]]
	[[File:Swastika2.png\|right\|260px]]		[[File:Swastika2.png\|right\|260px]]

𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹 at 21:00, 3 May 2025

2025-05-03T21:00:25Z

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-[[Image:Image-File Swastika.jpg||thumb|250px|Swastika]]
+[[File:Four-swastika collage (transparent).png|thumb|200px|The swastika is a symbol with many styles and meanings and can be found in many cultures.]]
 The '''Swastika''' (卐) is an equilateral [[cross]] with its arms bent or curved in one direction. There are also several other names for the symbol. The symbol has an ancient history in [[Europe]], appearing on artifacts from [[Germania|pre-Christian European cultures]]. In antiquity, the swastika was used extensively by the [[Indo-Aryans]], [[Hittites]], [[Celts]] and [[Greeks]], among others. In particular, the swastika is a sacred symbol in [[Hinduism]], [[Buddhism]] and Jainism — religions with over one billion adherents worldwide, making the swastika ubiquitous in both historical and contemporary society. The symbol was introduced to [[Southeast Asia]] by Hindu kings and remains an integral part of Balinese Hinduism to this day, and it is a common sight in [[Indonesia]]. [[Swastika vandalism]] may be [[hate speech]] / hate crimes, often faked (false flag operations).
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 *Tetragammadion or cross gammadion, as each arm resembles the Greek letter Γ (gamma). Commonly used in English before being replaced by the swastika in the 1870s.
 *Tetraskelion, compare [[triskelion]]
 ==See also==
 *[[Celtic Cross]]
 *[[Prehistory]]
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 ==References==
 {{reflist|2}}
-[[Category:Swastika| ]]
 [[Category:European Prehistory]]
 [[Category:Indo-European tradition]]
 [[Category:Runes]]
+[[Category:Swastika| ]]

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	~~[[de:Hakenkreuz]]~~
	[[es:Esvástica]]		[[es:Esvástica]]
	[[hr:Swastika_(kriševâl)]]		[[hr:Swastika_(kriševâl)]]
	[[sk:Svastika]]		[[sk:Svastika]]
	[[sv:Hakkorset]]		[[sv:Hakkorset]]

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	[[Category:Swastika\| ]]		[[Category:Swastika\| ]]
	[[Category:European Prehistory]]		[[Category:European Prehistory]]
	~~[[Category:Germanic tradition]]~~
	[[Category:Indo-European tradition]]		[[Category:Indo-European tradition]]
	[[Category:Runes]]		[[Category:Runes]]

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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist\|2}}
	[[Category:Swastika\| ]]		[[Category:Swastika\| ]]
	[[Category:European Prehistory]]		[[Category:European Prehistory]]

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𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: 1 revision imported

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← Older revision	Revision as of 18:43, 3 February 2024
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en>Crusader: /* Gallery */

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Gallery

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𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝗹: removed file that was stuck into the middle of a reference tag for reasons unknown.

2023-03-03T20:37:44Z

removed file that was stuck into the middle of a reference tag for reasons unknown.

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	In [[Hinduism]], the right-facing symbol (clockwise) (卐) is called ''swastika'', symbolizing surya ("sun"), prosperity and good luck, while the left-facing symbol (counter-clockwise) (卍) is called '''''sauwastika''''', symbolising tantric aspects of Kali. In Jain symbolism, it represents Suparshvanatha and the seventh of 24 Tirthankaras (spiritual teachers and saviours), while in Buddhist symbolism it represents the auspicious footprints of the Buddha.		In [[Hinduism]], the right-facing symbol (clockwise) (卐) is called ''swastika'', symbolizing surya ("sun"), prosperity and good luck, while the left-facing symbol (counter-clockwise) (卍) is called '''''sauwastika''''', symbolising tantric aspects of Kali. In Jain symbolism, it represents Suparshvanatha and the seventh of 24 Tirthankaras (spiritual teachers and saviours), while in Buddhist symbolism it represents the auspicious footprints of the Buddha.
	<ref>{{cite book \|first1=Mohan \|last1=Pant \|first2=Shūji \|last2=Funo \|title=Stupa and Swastika: Historical Urban Planning Principles in Nepal's Kathmandu Valley \|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=W-K5_Z8qsJEC \|date=2007 \|publisher=National University of Singapore Press \|isbn=978-9971-69-372-5 \|page=231 with note 5}}</ref> In several major Indo-European religions, the swastika symbolizes		<ref>{{cite book \|first1=Mohan \|last1=Pant \|first2=Shūji \|last2=Funo \|title=Stupa and Swastika: Historical Urban Planning Principles in Nepal's Kathmandu Valley \|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=W-K5_Z8qsJEC \|date=2007 \|publisher=National University of Singapore Press \|isbn=978-9971-69-372-5 \|page=231 with note 5}}</ref> In several major Indo-European religions, the swastika symbolizes lightning bolts, representing the thunder god and the king of the gods, such as Indra in Vedic [[Hinduism]], [[Zeus]] in [[ancient Greece]], Jupiter in [[ancient Rome]], and [[Thor]] in the ancient Germanic religion.<ref name="Greg">{{cite book \|last1=Greg \|first1=Robert Philips \|title=On the Meaning and Origin of the Fylfot and Swastika \|url=https://archive.org/details/onmeaningandori00londgoog \|date=1884 \|publisher=Nichols and Sons \|pages=[https://archive.org/details/onmeaningandori00londgoog/page/n11 6], 29}}</ref>
	~~[[File:D6a59bcf9c983f95.png\|thumb]]~~
	lightning bolts, representing the thunder god and the king of the gods, such as Indra in Vedic [[Hinduism]], [[Zeus]] in [[ancient Greece]], Jupiter in [[ancient Rome]], and [[Thor]] in the ancient Germanic religion.<ref name="Greg">{{cite book \|last1=Greg \|first1=Robert Philips \|title=On the Meaning and Origin of the Fylfot and Swastika \|url=https://archive.org/details/onmeaningandori00londgoog \|date=1884 \|publisher=Nichols and Sons \|pages=[https://archive.org/details/onmeaningandori00londgoog/page/n11 6], 29}}</ref>

	It continues to be used as a symbol of divinity and spirituality in many religions, including [[Christianity]], [[Hinduism]], [[Buddhism]], and Jainism. It generally takes the form of a cross, the arms of which are of equal length and perpendicular to the adjacent arms, each bent midway at a right angle. The word swastika comes from [[Sanskrit]], Romanized: svastika, meaning "conducive to well-being". In North American Indian symbolism, it is a sun symbol, just as it was in both ancient Europe and [[Ancient Egypt]] and Greece. In more modern Europe and in America, it is a symbol of luck. Nearly every culture on Earth, both ancient and modern, has had a place for this ancient and positive symbol.		It continues to be used as a symbol of divinity and spirituality in many religions, including [[Christianity]], [[Hinduism]], [[Buddhism]], and Jainism. It generally takes the form of a cross, the arms of which are of equal length and perpendicular to the adjacent arms, each bent midway at a right angle. The word swastika comes from [[Sanskrit]], Romanized: svastika, meaning "conducive to well-being". In North American Indian symbolism, it is a sun symbol, just as it was in both ancient Europe and [[Ancient Egypt]] and Greece. In more modern Europe and in America, it is a symbol of luck. Nearly every culture on Earth, both ancient and modern, has had a place for this ancient and positive symbol.

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:53, 4 February 2024
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	== History ==		== History ==
	[[File:Four-swastika collage (transparent).png\|thumb\|250px\|In Hinduism, the right-facing symbol or clockwise ('''卐''') is called swastika, symbolizing surya ("sun"), prosperity and good luck, while the left-facing symbol or counter-clockwise ('''卍''') is called sauwastika, symbolising night or tantric aspects of Kali.]]		[[File:Four-swastika collage (transparent).png\|thumb\|250px\|In Hinduism, the right-facing symbol or clockwise ('''卐''') is called swastika, symbolizing surya ("sun"), prosperity and good luck, while the left-facing symbol or counter-clockwise ('''卍''') is called sauwastika, symbolising night or tantric aspects of Kali.]]
	[[File:Hakenkreuz-Lehrwandtafel von Wilhelm Scheuermann, 1933.~~jpg~~\|right\|260px]]		[[File:Hakenkreuz-Lehrwandtafel von Wilhelm Scheuermann, 1933.png\|right\|260px]]
	[[File:Swastika2.png\|right\|260px]]		[[File:Swastika2.png\|right\|260px]]
	[[File:Badge Sieg Heil.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|250px\|Badge ''[[Sieg Heil]]'' with swastika]]		[[File:Badge Sieg Heil.png\|thumb\|250px\|Badge ''[[Sieg Heil]]'' with swastika]]
	The swastika has an extensive history. In the ancient Indian language of [[Sanskrit]] (an [[Indo-European]] language), swastika means "well-being". The symbol has been used in India for millennia. Early Western travelers to Asia were inspired by its positive and ancient associations and started using it back home. By the beginning of the 20th Century the swastika was widely used as a benign good luck symbol. It was even used by some American and British military units before WWII.<ref name=campion/>		The swastika has an extensive history. In the ancient Indian language of [[Sanskrit]] (an [[Indo-European]] language), swastika means "well-being". The symbol has been used in India for millennia. Early Western travelers to Asia were inspired by its positive and ancient associations and started using it back home. By the beginning of the 20th Century the swastika was widely used as a benign good luck symbol. It was even used by some American and British military units before WWII.<ref name=campion/>

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	<gallery widths="330" heights="200" perrow="3">		<gallery widths="330" heights="200" perrow="3">
	Image:Greek tetragammadion.jpg\|Swastikas ancient Greek culture		Image:Greek tetragammadion.jpg\|Swastikas ancient Greek culture
	File:Snoldelev Stone.~~jpg~~\|The [[sun cross]] with the swastika. Found in the late 1700s in [[Denmark]]. It is the so-called Snoldelev Stone. The runestone is housed at the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen, Denmark.		File:Snoldelev Stone.png\|The [[sun cross]] with the swastika. Found in the late 1700s in [[Denmark]]. It is the so-called Snoldelev Stone. The runestone is housed at the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen, Denmark.
	Image:Image-File Edmonton swastikas s.jpg\|Female hockey team, Edmonton Swastikas 1920s		Image:Image-File Edmonton swastikas s.jpg\|Female hockey team, Edmonton Swastikas 1920s
	File:Eishockey-Mannschaft Windsor Swastikas.~~jpg~~\|"Windsor Swastikas" (1905–1916), Windsor, Nova Scotia, Canada		File:Eishockey-Mannschaft Windsor Swastikas.png\|"Windsor Swastikas" (1905–1916), Windsor, Nova Scotia, Canada
	Image:Romuva.jpg\|[[Romuva]] Symbol		Image:Romuva.jpg\|[[Romuva]] Symbol
	File:Wilhelm Scheuermann, Woher kommt das Hakenkreuz.~~jpg~~		File:Wilhelm Scheuermann, Woher kommt das Hakenkreuz.png
	File:800px-Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg.png\|Flag of [[National Socialist Germany]] between 1935 and 1945		File:800px-Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg.png\|Flag of [[National Socialist Germany]] between 1935 and 1945
	File:Deutsches Jungvolk III.~~jpg~~\|''Deutsches Jungvolk'' ([https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Deutsches_Jungvolk de]) of the [[Hitlerjugend]]		File:Deutsches Jungvolk III.png\|''Deutsches Jungvolk'' ([https://de.metapedia.org/wiki/Deutsches_Jungvolk de]) of the [[Hitlerjugend]]
	File:Soldaten Kaffee in Bandung (Indonesien), 2017.~~jpg~~\|"Soldaten Kaffee" in Bandung ([[Indonesia]]), 2014<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220408200114/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/nazithemed-cafe-in-indonesia-reopens-keeping-the-swastikas-and-images-of-hitler-it-pledged-to-remove-9554643.html Nazi-themed café in Indonesia reopens — keeping the swastikas and images of Hitler it pledged to remove], independent.co.uk, 2014</ref><ref>[https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/2019/02/12/soldatenkaffee-indonesias-nazi-themed-cafe/ SoldatenKaffee: Indonesia’s Nazi-Themed Cafe], warfarehistorynetwork.com, 2019</ref>		File:Soldaten Kaffee in Bandung (Indonesien), 2017.png\|"Soldaten Kaffee" in Bandung ([[Indonesia]]), 2014<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220408200114/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/nazithemed-cafe-in-indonesia-reopens-keeping-the-swastikas-and-images-of-hitler-it-pledged-to-remove-9554643.html Nazi-themed café in Indonesia reopens — keeping the swastikas and images of Hitler it pledged to remove], independent.co.uk, 2014</ref><ref>[https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/2019/02/12/soldatenkaffee-indonesias-nazi-themed-cafe/ SoldatenKaffee: Indonesia’s Nazi-Themed Cafe], warfarehistorynetwork.com, 2019</ref>
	</gallery>		</gallery>