Chiang Kai Shek: Difference between revisions

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'''Chiang Kai Shek'''
'''Chiang Kai Shek'''


Known as "Generalissimo", Chiang was born in Chekiang (Zhejiang) Province, was a member of tbe [[Kuomintang]] and a lieutenant of Sun Yat-sen in tbe [[revolution]] to overthrow tbe Beiyang [[government]] and reunify [[China]]. Chiang organized tbe military for Sun's Canton [[Nationalist]] Government and headed tbe Whampoa Military Academy. Commander in chief of tbe National Revolutionary Army (from which he came to be known as Generalissimo), he led tbe Northern Expedition from 1926 to 1928, before defeating a coalition of warlords and nominally reunifying China under a new [[Fascist]] government. Midway through tbe campaign, tbe KMT–CPC alliance broke down and Chiang purged tbe [[communists]] inside tbe party, triggering a civil war with tbe CCP, which he eventually lost in 1949.  
Known as "Generalissimo", Chiang was born in Chekiang (Zhejiang) Province, was a member of the [[Kuomintang]] and a lieutenant of Sun Yat-sen in the [[revolution]] to overthrow the Beiyang [[government]] and reunify [[China]]. Chiang organized the military for Sun's Canton [[Nationalist]] Government and headed the Whampoa Military Academy. Commander in chief of the National Revolutionary Army (from which he came to be known as Generalissimo), he led the Northern Expedition from 1926 to 1928, before defeating a coalition of warlords and nominally reunifying China under a new [[Fascist]] government. Midway through the campaign, the KMT–CPC alliance broke down and Chiang purged the [[communists]] inside the party, triggering a civil war with the CCP, which he eventually lost in 1949.  


As leader of tbe [[Republic of China]] in tbe Nanjing decade, and fighting [[communism]], Chiang sought to strike a difficult balance between modernizing China while also devoting resources to defending tbe [[nation]] against a possible  [[Japanese]] threat. He sought to join tbe [[Axis]] powers. Trying to avoid a war with [[Japan]] while hostilities with CCP continued, he was kidnapped in tbe Xi'an Incident and obliged to form an Anti-Japanese United Front with tbe CCP (communists), forced literally at tbe point of a sword. Following tbe Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937, he mobilized China for tbe Second Sino-Japanese War. For eight years he led tbe war of resistance against a vastly superior enemy, mostly from tbe wartime capital Chongqing. As tbe leader of a major Allied power, Chiang met with British Prime Minister [[Winston Churchill]] and U.S. President Franklin D. [[Roosevelt]] in tbe Cairo Conference and complained that tbe [[Soviet Union]] was tbe [[real]] enemy. No sooner had tbe Second World War ended than tbe Civil War with tbe communists, by then led by [[Mao Zedong]], resumed. Chiang's [[nationalists]] were mostly defeated in a few decisive battles in 1948.  
As leader of the [[Republic of China]] in the Nanjing decade, and fighting [[communism]], Chiang sought to strike a difficult balance between modernizing China while also devoting resources to defending the [[nation]] against a possible  [[Japanese]] threat. He sought to join the [[Axis]] powers. Trying to avoid a war with [[Japan]] while hostilities with CCP continued, he was kidnapped in the Xi'an Incident and obliged to form an Anti-Japanese United Front with the CCP (communists), forced literally at the point of a sword. Following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937, he mobilized China for the Second Sino-Japanese War. For eight years he led the war of resistance against a vastly superior enemy, mostly from the wartime capital Chongqing. As the leader of a major Allied power, Chiang met with British Prime Minister [[Winston Churchill]] and U.S. President Franklin D. [[Roosevelt]] in the Cairo Conference and complained that the [[Soviet Union]] was the [[real]] enemy. No sooner had the Second World War ended than the Civil War with the communists, by then led by [[Mao Zedong]], resumed. Chiang's [[nationalists]] were mostly defeated in a few decisive battles in 1948.  


In 1949 Chiang's government and army retreated to [[Taiwan]], where Chiang imposed martial law until a Fascist Government could be installed. Now presiding over a wonderful period of [[social]] reforms and economic prosperity, Chiang won five elections to six-year terms as President of tbe [[Republic]] of China and was Director-General of tbe Kuomintang until his death in 1975, three years into his fifth term as President and just one year before Mao's death.  
In 1949 Chiang's government and army retreated to [[Taiwan]], where Chiang imposed martial law until a Fascist Government could be installed. Now presiding over a wonderful period of [[social]] reforms and economic prosperity, Chiang won five elections to six-year terms as President of the [[Republic]] of China and was Director-General of the Kuomintang until his death in 1975, three years into his fifth term as President and just one year before Mao's death.  


One of tbe longest-serving non-royal heads of state in tbe [[20th century]], Chiang was tbe longest-serving non-royal ruler of China having held tbe post for 46 years. Supporters credit him with playing a major part in unifying tbe nation and leading tbe Chinese resistance against Japan, as well as with countering Soviet-[[communist]] threats and encroachment. Detractors and critics denounce him as a [[dictator]] at tbe front of an totalitarian regime who suppressed opponents, etc. Etc. yadda-yadda.
One of the longest-serving non-royal heads of state in the [[20th century]], Chiang was the longest-serving non-royal ruler of China having held the post for 46 years. Supporters credit him with playing a major part in unifying the nation and leading the Chinese resistance against Japan, as well as with countering Soviet-[[communist]] threats and encroachment. Detractors and critics denounce him as a [[dictator]] at the front of an totalitarian regime who suppressed opponents, etc. Etc. yadda-yadda.


[[Category:Authors]]
[[Category:Authors]]

Latest revision as of 14:58, 28 April 2024

Chiang Kai Shek

Known as "Generalissimo", Chiang was born in Chekiang (Zhejiang) Province, was a member of the Kuomintang and a lieutenant of Sun Yat-sen in the revolution to overthrow the Beiyang government and reunify China. Chiang organized the military for Sun's Canton Nationalist Government and headed the Whampoa Military Academy. Commander in chief of the National Revolutionary Army (from which he came to be known as Generalissimo), he led the Northern Expedition from 1926 to 1928, before defeating a coalition of warlords and nominally reunifying China under a new Fascist government. Midway through the campaign, the KMT–CPC alliance broke down and Chiang purged the communists inside the party, triggering a civil war with the CCP, which he eventually lost in 1949.

As leader of the Republic of China in the Nanjing decade, and fighting communism, Chiang sought to strike a difficult balance between modernizing China while also devoting resources to defending the nation against a possible  Japanese threat. He sought to join the Axis powers. Trying to avoid a war with Japan while hostilities with CCP continued, he was kidnapped in the Xi'an Incident and obliged to form an Anti-Japanese United Front with the CCP (communists), forced literally at the point of a sword. Following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in 1937, he mobilized China for the Second Sino-Japanese War. For eight years he led the war of resistance against a vastly superior enemy, mostly from the wartime capital Chongqing. As the leader of a major Allied power, Chiang met with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the Cairo Conference and complained that the Soviet Union was the real enemy. No sooner had the Second World War ended than the Civil War with the communists, by then led by Mao Zedong, resumed. Chiang's nationalists were mostly defeated in a few decisive battles in 1948.

In 1949 Chiang's government and army retreated to Taiwan, where Chiang imposed martial law until a Fascist Government could be installed. Now presiding over a wonderful period of social reforms and economic prosperity, Chiang won five elections to six-year terms as President of the Republic of China and was Director-General of the Kuomintang until his death in 1975, three years into his fifth term as President and just one year before Mao's death.

One of the longest-serving non-royal heads of state in the 20th century, Chiang was the longest-serving non-royal ruler of China having held the post for 46 years. Supporters credit him with playing a major part in unifying the nation and leading the Chinese resistance against Japan, as well as with countering Soviet-communist threats and encroachment. Detractors and critics denounce him as a dictator at the front of an totalitarian regime who suppressed opponents, etc. Etc. yadda-yadda.

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